Study in hand is planned to dig out the important segment of society i.e. Demographic Dividend that is an accelerating force for socio-economic development. Demographic Dividend is a situation in which working age population increased and dependency ratio is decreased. This working force is a human capital for any state, its meticulous utilization through labor force participation brings development in state. The demographic dividend is a phase of high socio-economic acceleration that associated with the low fertility and mortality rate and the specially working age group of population is prominent. Developed and industrial countries utilize this demographic transition and used the productive age group for the development of the countries in the form of labor force participation, social capital and human capital development. But the developing countries face the issues that are associated with the demographic dividend such countries do not use their youth potential for the socio-economic development, and facing the problems of population burden. The major concern of the study is to explore the reasons behind the demographic transition and utilization of existing working age population for the sake of development in social and economic sphere by developing human Capital and labor force participation. Study in hand was conducted in three districts Rawalpindi, Faisalabad and Multan from geographically dividend zones of Punjab, Pakistan. 520 respondents sample was selected with the help of Taro Yamani formula. Mediation analysis performed for explaining the relationship among different variables that shows a significant association. Inferences depicts that Pakistan currently had a window for opportunity in the form of demographic dividend. Dividend can only be achieved through utilization the potential of youth by forming human capital in the form of skill development and inclusion of youth into labor market.
Harmony across religions expresses the idea of live and let live. In a world where political and economic unrest is on the rise, peaceful coexistence among followers of many theological perspectives may prove to be the way forward for peace and prosperity. Interfaith cooperation and religious diversity must be strengthened for Pakistan to prosper and grow. This study aims was to analysed the social and psychological factors that are supporting peaceful coexistence among four varied communities i.e., Sikhs, Hindus, Muslims, and Christians in the district of Toba Tek Singh in order to support interfaith harmony. Based on their willingness to take the survey, a sample of 120 respondents from these communities was selected. An effective interview schedule was used to acquire the data. The collected data was analyzed with the help of SPSS. For further inferential statistics (chi-square and gamma test) was used. In this study the relationship between gender together with age of respondents and harmony among the communities has been examined using Chi-square and Gamma tests. The value of Chi-square is 6.29 and 11.006 for gender and age respectively, which is significant at alpha value of .05%, it indicates that there is a significant relationship between the gender together with age of the respondents and harmony among the communities. The Gamma value which is 0.52 and 0.403 respectively for gender and age factor also supports the positive relationship between the gender along with age of the respondents and harmony among the communities. Older and female respondents are likely more liberal and have a positive attitude towards the communities that create harmony among the members of the communities.
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