The in vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the aqueous, chloroform and methanol extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves were determined in the present study. Assessed using the 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay, the aqueous and methanol extracts of M. calabura inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HT-29, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells while the chloroform extract only inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells. Interestingly, all extracts of M. calabura, which failed to inhibit the MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation, did not inhibit the proliferation of 3T3 (normal) cells, indicating its safety. All extracts (20, 100 and 500 μg/ml) were found to possess antioxidant activity when tested using the DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide scavenging assays with the methanol, followed by the aqueous and chloroform, extract exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity in both assays. The total phenolic content for the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts were 2970.4 ± 6.6, 1279.9 ± 6.1 and 2978.1 ± 4.3 mg/100 g gallic acid, respectively. In conclusion, the M. calabura leaves possess potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activities that could be attributed to its high content of phenolic compounds, and thus, needs to be further explored.

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Objective: The study aims to determine histopathological effects associated with Marwar Teak Tecomella Undulata bark extract and N-Acetylcysteine on Acetaminophen induced liver damage in rats. Study Design: Experimental Comparative Study. Setting: Bahria University Medical and Dental College Karachi in Collaboration with Basic Medical Sciences Institute (BMSI) Karachi. Period: March 2020 till August 2020. Material & Methods: Study included 56 healthy albino rats which were randomly divided into four groups. Each group comprised of 14 experimental animals which included (Group-1) Control Group, (Group-2) hepatotoxicity induced rats, which were given Acetaminophen 500 mg as a single dose orally, (Group 3) which was induced hepatotoxicity by Acetaminophen 500mg orally as a single dose, then they were given N-Acetylcysteine standard drug at dosage of 140mg/ kg intraperitonealy for 6 days and (Group 4), which was induced hepatotoxicity by Acetaminophen 500 mg orally as a single dose, then they were given Tecomella bark extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg orally for 15 days. Experimental animals were dissected. Liver samples were sectioned (3-5µ) thickness and were stained with H&E. Histopathological findings were noted. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis. P-value <0.05 was considered significant. Result: Deranged liver architecture with presence of moderate inflammatory cells were observed in Acetaminophen induced hepatotoxic rats (Group-2). However, there was presence of moderate inflammatory cells with normal liver architecture in rats treated with standard drug (Group–3). There was improvement in liver histology in Tecomella bark extract treated group (p-<0.05) Group-4. Conclusion: The Tecomella Bark extract improved histoarchitecture on acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats in comparison with N-Acetylcysteine.