The modern migration processes in Georgia, especially ecological motives that are caused by the social enviroment have many reasons and they don’t fully corresponds to the socio-economic strategic interests of the development of the country. It is the weak economy mainly due to geographical factors, the backwardness and high cost of the service sector, and the dangerous natural processes that periodically put the need for intensive one-way migration on the agenda. Based on this, the purpose of the study is to determine the nature and stages of ecomigration of the population from the Ajara region at different times in the context of the state strategy, on the example of the ecomigrants settled in the Guria region. In order to achieve the mentioned goal and to study the issue, the institutional approach to the study of migration processes is used. The research is based on quantitative and qualitative social research techniques, as well as analysis and statistical methods. All this helped us in proper analysis and study of collected primary and secondary scientific information and materials. The survey was conducted from March 12 to September 25, 2022. According to the results of the research, in the presented material, the stages of eco-migration from the Adjara region to the Guria region are studied for the first time, its nature is determined, the state policy and its characteristics are evaluated, and various problems related to eco-migration are described. Also, during the research process, we developed recommendations that will contribute to the effectiveness of the state eco-migration policy. Based on the set goal of the research problem and the research issues, the research included the study of the scientific literature surrounding the research problem, the study of state documents, including archival documents, press and media materials, and the implementation of field research in the areas inhabited by ecomigrants.
Research materials and methods. 852 voluntary Georgian blood donors have been typed on red blood cells group antigens. The research materials have taken from the diagnostic laboratory of Health Centre of Batumi (Georgia republic). The immunoserological methods with monoclonal anti –AB, -B, -A, A1, -A2 (H), -C, -c, - D, -E, -e (Bio-Rad, cypress diagnostics) antibodies was used for typing blood. The ID cards, such as ABO/D + Reverse Grouping (Bio-Rad) were also used for typing of erythrocyte antigens. Result. Prevalence of Rh system antigens in the studied group is looks like so: e antigens – 94,6%, c antigens -85%, C-68,03, E antigens - 38,07%. The majority (84%) of the studied donors are Rh-positive (n=719), 133 (16%) donors are Rh-negative. C antigen most common is present in the combination with D antigen. 65, 8 % case donors had CD+ combination (n=561). E antigen in most cases is presented with a combination of D antigen. 36, 9% of the studied donors (n=306) had ED+ combination. A miserable number of studied donors had CD - (2,23%; n=19) and ED - (1,17%; n=9) combinations. We have studied the Rh phenotypes prevalence in blood donors. According to RHD, RHC, and RHE gene loci, there are 18 theoretically possible phenotypical groups. Among them half (nine) are Rh-positive and the rest of them are Rh-negative. The Rh-positive phenotypes are: CDE; CDEe; CDe; CcDE; CcDEe; CcDe; ccDE; cDEe and cDe. Rh-negative phenotypes are CdE; CdEe; Cde; CcdE; CcdEe; Ccde; cdE; cdEe; cde. We allocated 17 Rh phenotypes among studied donors. Only one phenotype CdE, which belongs to Rh negative group, was not present in studied donors. Other 17 phenotypes showed different frequencies. Some of them were only in a single case, for example, cdEe, cdE, CdEe phenotypes had only one donor. The majority of the phenotype in he studied donors (27,8±1,53%) was CcDe (n=237). CcDEe -19,3±1,35% (n=165); 125 donors have CDe phenotype (14,6±1,2); The frequency of cde was 13,1±1,5%, which means that 112 studied donors belonged to this phenotype group; 87 studied donors had cDEe phenotype characteristics (10,2%); The frequency of cDe was 4,9% (n=42); 19 donors had CDEe phenotype. Other phenotypes (CDE, Cde, CcdEe, Ccde) frequency was very low. Conclusion. Our studied donors are characterized by rather high polymorphism. The Georgian donor’s population is heterogenic, especially high heterogeneity are shown in Rh positive phenotypes. The obtained data is vital importance for the preparation of whole blood or certain blood components for the purpose of their rational usage in blood transfusion.
Population mobility, moving from one place to another, generally has a long history and it took place for different reasons at all stages of history and had different forms and in the wake of changes in the political and social environment, it took place with different effects in terms of integration and adaptation.The study examines the integration-adaptation features of eco-migrants from the Adjara region settled in the Guria region at different times. In order to achieve the mentioned goal and to study the issue, the institutional approach to the study of migration processes was used. The research is based on quantitative and qualitative social research techniques, as well as analysis and statistical methods. All this helped us in proper analysis and study of collected primary and secondary scientific information and materials. The survey was conducted from March 12 to September 25, 2022. According to the results of the research, in the presented material, the peculiarities of integration-adaptation of eco-migrants from the Adjara region to the Guria region have been studied for the first time, various problems related to eco-migration have been described. Also, during the research process, we developed recommendations that will contribute to the integration processes of eco-migrants in local communities.Based on the set goal of the research problem and the research issues, the research included the study of the scientific literature surrounding the research problem, the study of state documents, including archival documents and other materials. At the same time, it should be noted that the main part of the information related to the research problem was collected in the process of field research in places inhabited by eco-migrants.
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