Background
Carcinogenesis is a dynamic process which traditional biopsying can not keep up with. Saliva as fluid in the vicinity of the tumor can offer better insights to this process. This study aimed to identify the accuracy of salivary DNA integrity index in differentiating between oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer.
Material and Methods
This phase II diagnostic test accuracy study included 93 patients divided into three groups: 30 oral cancer patients, 33 patients with oral premalignant lesions divided into 21 oral lichen planus patients and 12 patients with leukoplakia and 30 normal individuals who acted as controls. Oral rinse was collected from all participants and they all underwent conventional visual and tactile examination, and patients with oral lesions had the diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination of tissue biopsy. DNA integrity index was determined as the ratio between ALU247 and ALU115 measured by qPCR.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference regarding ALU115, ALU247 and DNA integrity index between the three study groups. The index was significantly higher in the oral cancer group than the oral lichen planus patients, while no significant difference was found between the oral cancer and the leukoplakia cases. The DNA integrity index sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 73%, 45%, 55% and 65% respectively.
Conclusions
Salivary DNA integrity index showed poor diagnostic abilities in differentiating between the oral cancer and premalignant lesions.
Key words:
DNA integrity index, oral lichen planus, leukoplakia, saliva, cell free DNA, oral cancer.
Introduction: Aglossia is a rare condition of failure of development of the lateral lingual swellings during embryogenesis and is usually associated with other deformities especially the fingers and limbs. Isolated aglossia is extremely rare. Observation: This is a case report of a 21-year-old patient with isolated aglossia whose floor of the mouth compensated for the tongue's absence in speech, eating and swallowing. Thus the patient did not express any disability and refused reconstructive treatment. Commentaries: Aglossia may be accompanied by many deformities or as part of a syndrome, so other symptoms must be excluded. The floor of the mouth usually adapts to the role of the tongue leading to fulfillment of most of the functions of the tongue. Conclusion: Aglossia is a rare condition, however the adaptation of the surrounding tissues compensated for the absence of the tongue makes the condition tolerable to the patient, this however does not undermine the fact that a multidisciplinary approach is key in managing such a condition.
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