This study was carried out at a private rabbitry in Dakahlia governorate. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of supplementing individual citric, lactic acids, propylene glycol or mixture of them to drinking water on productive and reproductive performance of rabbits' bucks and does. Experimental animals: Experiment 1: Twenty-five New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit's bucks 9 months old with an average weight 3400±173 g were assigned to five experimental groups (5 bucks each). Bucks were randomly placed in individual wire cages. Experiment 2: Forty (NZW) rabbits does (8 months old with an average live body weight 3100±188 g) were allotted into 5 treatments (8 does each). Feeding and water treatments All rabbits were fed ad libitum on pelleted ration. Ingredients and chemical composition of the basal ration are summarized in Table 1. First group in both experiments received plain water and severed as control group, while water for the 2 nd ,3 rd ,4 th and 5 th groups for the two experiments supplemented with 0.5 ml/liter of citric (T1), lactic acids (T2) citric and lactic concentration 98% and propylene glycol (T3) and 0.75 ml/liter mixture of them (T4).
A total of 15 mature New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit bucks, aged 6-8 months, weighing about 3.5 Kg were divided into three equal groups, control group (G1) that injected subcutaneously with saline solution, while bucks in G2 and G3 were injected subcutaneously with 50 and 100 mg NAC / kg body weight, respectively for seven consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at days 8and day 47, and semen characteristics were evaluated at day 48. The results revealed that there was a positive effect of NAC on antioxidant status through its obvious impact on MDA level that continuously decreased, in G3, from 6.10 to 3.58 nmol/ml, from zero dayto-day 47.While, G1 recorded continuous increase. Additionally, NAC injection with the dose of 100 mg/kg BW succeeded in elevating catalase activity that elevated from 329.8 to 372.4 U/L) on the 8 th day compared to its levels in zero day. Moreover, H 2 O 2 was insignificantly declined and this decline continued until the day 47 in G3 (declined from 0.093, at zero day to 0.083 mmol/L, at day 47) with stable level in G2 (0.098 mmol/L, at 8 th and 47 days). No side effects of the NAC injections were detected as confirmed by normal activity of liver enzymes (ALT and AST) in rabbits. The same trend was noticed for kidney functions. Additionally, an enhancement of semen characteristics due to NAC injections was observed, especially in G3.
A total of 1050 Sudany duck eggs were used in this experiment. Eggs were divided randomly into 7 treatments with three replicates each to study the influence of iron in different forms In-Ovo injection on hatchability traits and posthatch performance of Sudany ducklings. The first group (G1) was served as control, (without injection); the eggs in 2 nd (G2) and 3 rd (G3) groups injected with 0.1 and 0.2 ml saline solution contains 10 and 20 ppm Nano organic iron. The eggs in 4 th and 5 th groups were injected with 0.1 and 0.2 ml saline solution contains 10 and 20 ppm Nano inorganic iron. The eggs in 6 th group was injected with 0.1 saline solution contain 10 µg organic iron, while the eggs in 7 th group was injected with 0.1 ml saline solution contain 10 µg inorganic iron. The results indicated that, no significant differences of different forms of iron on hatchability traits. At hatch, ducklings hatched from eggs in groups G2 and G3 recorded significantly high values of A/G ratio, MDA and HDL. Ducklings hatched from eggs injected with different forms of iron had significantly higher values of plasma IGF 1 and T 3 hormone and lower values of LDL than the control group. Ducklings hatched from eggs in group (G6) resulted in significantly higher values of plasma RBCs, HB and heterophiles than the control group. Also, all treated groups had high values of plasma WBCs compared to control except G7. Duckling in G2,G5 and G6 gave high LBW at 12 and 16 weeks of age . Also, duckling in (G2) recorded significantly high values of BWG throughout the trial period. These results suggest that, pre incubation In-Ovo injection with different forms of iron improved some blood plasma constituents of chicks at hatch and enhance post-hatch productive performance of Sudany ducklings from hatching until 16 weeks of age
The current study has been conducted in Rabbit Research Unite in Sakha Station, located in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. Using 24 of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit does aged between 8-10 months and their average initial body weight was 3377 ± 36.7g. Divided into four groups, G1 was served as control group and fed on commercial pellets with no any additions. The other three groups, G2, G3 and G4 fed on diets supplemented with Aloe Vera (AV) powder at levels 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg diet, respectively.The results showed that, rabbits subjected to severe heat stress during months of July, August and September (THI= 30.5, 31.8 and 29.9, respectively). While, the corresponding value of THI during October and November month value was 27.7 and 24.7, respectively, indicated moderate and no heat stress. The antioxidant status was in overall, higher in TAC levels with lower levels of MDA in supplemented groups with AV than that in the control one. During summer season, litter size at birth and weaning age was lower in G1 (6.2 ± 0.33 and 4.3± 0.33, respectively) compared to supplemented groups. The G3 was the highest group in litter size, recorded 7.0 ± 0.33 at birth vs. 6.8± 0.33 and 6.7± 0.33 in G2 and G4, respectively. Whilst, in autumn litter size was not differed between groups and they almost close to each other. Furthermore, AV, during summer season, especially at level 1g/kg diet (G3), helped rabbit does to deliver their kits with higher body weight (280.8± 12.7 g) than that in other groups. At weaning age, those kits (of G3) recorded the highest body weight, 2450.8± 71.8 than that in G1, G2 and G4. In autumn, no significant differences in kits body weight at birth, day 21 of lactation and weaning age were found among experimental groups. In the same line, no significant differences between groups in kits body weight gain and milk conversion ratio 136 ENAYAT ABO EL-AZAYEM et al.in both seasons summer and autumn. Moreover, enhances the antioxidant status of NZW rabbit does (TAC and MDA) especially in G4. Conclusively, the G4 was the best group in most of the studied parameters (litter weight, milk production, lower mortality rate, with higher TAC and lower MDA) than the other three groups.
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