Wepreviously reported two novel pluramycingroup antibiotics, saptomycins D and E, isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. HP5301}. These compounds are effective against murine Meth A fibrosarcoma. Saptomycins D and E are deangolosaminyl pluramycin-group antibiotics, having the sugar A^,7V-dimethylvancosamine at the C-10 position as in ankinomycin2) (Fig. 1). Pluramycin A3), neopluramycin4), kidamycin5), hedamycin6), PD1212227), epoxykidamycin8) and rubiflavins9) possess another sugar, angolosamine, at C-8. The structures of pluramycin-group compounds were investigated in detail by several groups. The structure of kidamycin was determined on the basis of the X-ray analysis of triacetylmethoxykidamycin bis(methylammonium iodide) by Furukawa et al.10'1^. As a result of this analysis, the absolute configurations of the two sugars were determined to be 2R,3S,4R,6R
An investigation was carried out on Okinawan plants to find antibacterial compounds against a humanskin bacterium, Staphylococcus epidermidis, which causes acne vulgaris. A medicinal plant, Elaeagnus glabra, showed significant activity, and (-)-epigallocatechin (27) was isolated from the plant as an antibacterial constituent against the bacterium. Twenty-six flavonoids related to 27 were tested for the activity, galangin (7). being the most active species. Although a structure-activity study was attempted, no clear structural factor was deduced. The humanskin bacterium, Staphylococcus epidermidis (Gram-positive), is assumed to be a cause of the skin disease, acne vulgaris (pimples).1} Although antibiotics2' 3) have been reported to be effective in clinical use against acne vulgaris, antibacterial agents against S.
Four new diterpenes have been isolated from a Japanese brown alga and their structures have been shown to be expressed by 2, 3, 4 and 5, on the basis of spectral and chemical means.
Twotriterpenoid saponins were isolated from an aqueous or a methanolic extract of camellia (Camelliajaponica) leaf. They had an antifungal activity characterized by abnormal germination of conidia. These saponins were composed of 3jff-hydroxy-18/?-acetoxy-28-norolean-12-en-16-one or 3/?, 18/?-dihydroxy-28-norolean-12-en-16-one as aglycon, and D-glucuronic acid, D-glucose and two moles of D-galactose as the sugar moiety. The authors have named these newsaponins "Camellidin," which might have value for studies in the fields of phytopathology and biochemistry.
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