Esophageal, rectal, tympanic, and central blood temperature, i.e., pulmonary artery and aortic arch, were recorded in three patients during iatrogenic whole-body hyperthermia for the treatment of advanced malignant metastatic cancer. Aortic temperature closely followed changes in pulmonary arterial temperature, with an average delay time of 27 s. Esophageal temperature reflected quantitatively and more quickly (avg lag time, 80 s) the temperature changes in the pulmonary artery than tympanic membrane temperature. Tympanic temperature was consistently lower than the blood temperature of the heart during steady state. Therefore it is suggested that esophageal temperature is a preferable index of central blood temperature. Additionally, measurement of esophageal temperature can be made more easily and safely than tympanic membrane temperature.
The sites of the stimulatory feedback action of gonadal steroids on LH release were investigated in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats. Either estradiol benzoate (E2) or estrone (E1) injections 72 h after E2 priming induced a significant increase in serum LH 30 h later, whereas injections of progesterone (P) did so 6 h later. Horizontal sections placed above the medial preoptic area prevented the increase after E2 injections but not after E1 and P injections. Retrochiasmatic sections or bilateral lesions placed in the medial-basal part of the suprachiasmatic area prevented any increases in serum LH induced by steroid injections. Intracerebral implantations of E2 and P in E2-primed ovariectomized rats induced a similar significant increase in serum LH when E2 was implanted into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BST), the lateral septum (l-SEPT) and the preoptic suprachiasmatic area (POSC), and when P was implanted in to the medial amygdala, the diagonal band of Broca (DBB), the POSC, the l-SEPT and the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA). These results suggest that the stimulatory feedback effect of E2 is exerted on the limbic structures, especially the BST and the l-SEPT, while the main sites of the stimulatory feedback action of P are located in the DBB, the POSC, and the AHA.
The present study was undertaken to investigate energy balance in professional male breath-hold divers in Tsushima Island, Japan. In 4 divers, rectal (Tre) and mean skin (Tsk) temperatures and rate of O2 consumption (VO2) were measured during diving work in summer (27 degrees C water) and winter (14 degrees C water). Thermal insulation and energy costs of diving work were estimated. In summer, comparisons were made of subjects clad either in wet suits (protected) or in swimming trunks (unprotected), and in winter, they wore wet suits. The average Tre in unprotected divers decreased to 36.4 +/- 0.2 degrees C at the end of 1-h diving work, but in protected divers it decreased to 37.2 +/- 0.3 degrees C in 2 h in summer and to 36.9 +/- 0.1 degree C in 1.5 h in winter. The average Tsk of unprotected divers decreased to 28.0 +/- 0.6 degrees C in summer and that of protected divers decreased to 32.9 +/- 0.5 degrees C in summer and 28.0 +/- 0.3 degrees C in winter. Average VO2 increased 190% (from 370 ml/min before diving to 1,070 ml/min) in unprotected divers in summer, but in protected divers it rose 120% (from 360 to 780 ml/min) in summer and 110% (from 330 to 690 ml/min) in winter. Overall thermal insulation (tissue and wet suit) calculated for protected divers was 0.065 +/- 0.006 degree C X kcal-1 X m-2 X h-1 in summer and 0.135 +/- 0.019 degree C X kcal-1 X m-2 X h-1 in winter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The results of radiotherapy combined with hyperbaric oxygen in 9 patients with malignant glioma were compared with those of radiotherapy without hyperbaric O2 in 12 patients. This is the first report of a pilot study of irradiation immediately after exposure to hyperbaric O2 in humans. All patients receiving this treatment showed more than 50% regression of the tumor, and in 4 of them, the tumors disappeared completely. Only 4 out of 12 patients without hyperbaric O2 showed decreases in tumor size, and all 12 patients died within 36 months. So far, this new regimen seems to be a useful form of radiotherapy for malignant gliomas.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.