The arthroscopic fascia lata autograft patch procedure was not as beneficial for massive RCTs with high-grade fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus as other treatment options that produce similar functional results.
Background:The long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes following coracoclavicular (CC) ligament reconstruction for the operative treatment of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation remain uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to determine the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of CC ligament reconstruction and to identify risk factors for unfavorable outcomes.Methods:We reviewed 20 cases of AC joint dislocation in 19 patients (18 male and 1 female; mean age, 32.3 years) that were treated with single-bundle reconstruction. The mean duration of follow-up was 12.7 years. We measured the CC vertical distance (CCD) on the anteroposterior view and compared the affected and unaffected sides (CCD ratio). We divided the patients into those with a CCD ratio of <25% (Group 1) and those with a CCD ratio of ≥25% (Group 2). We radiographically investigated the clavicular tunnel anteroposterior (CTAP) angle, clavicular tunnel ratio, and coracoid tunnel orientation on the basis of the entry and exit points at the base of the coracoid. For the coracoid tunnel orientation, we compared center-center orientation and noncenter-center orientation.Results:Group 1 comprised 17 cases (85%), and Group 2 comprised 3 cases (15%). At the time of the latest follow-up, Group 1 had a significantly higher mean Constant score than Group 2 (98.2 compared with 90.7; p = 0.038). Of the 3 radiographic parameters, only the CTAP angle was significantly different between the 2 groups (p < 0.0001). Two (67%) of the 3 cases in Group 2 were associated with posterior AC joint displacement.Conclusions:CC ligament reconstruction for the treatment of acute AC joint dislocation resulted in successful long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes. It is important to decrease the CTAP angle and to ensure proper anatomic placement of the clavicular and coracoid tunnels at the time of surgery.Level of Evidence:Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Delamination is a commonly observed finding at the time of rotator cuff repair, but few studies have described the surgical techniques used for delaminated rotator cuff tears (RCTs) or their clinical outcomes. We developed a technique using a combination of a double row and an additional row, which we call lamina-specific double-row fixation, for large delaminated RCTs. The lamina-specific double-row technique is performed using an additional row (lamina-specific lateral row) of suture anchors placed between the typical medial and lateral rows of suture anchors. The technique is performed as follows: (1) medial-row sutures are passed through the inferior (articular-side) and superior (bursal-side) layers in a mattress fashion; (2) lamina-specific lateral-row simple sutures are passed through the inferior layer; and (3) lateral-row simple sutures are passed through the superior layer. We believe that this technique offers the following advantages: (1) creation of a larger area of contact between the inferior layer and the footprint, (2) higher initial fixation strength of the articular-side components of the repaired rotator cuff tendon, and (3) an adaptation between the superficial and inferior layers. This technique represents an alternative option in the operative treatment of large delaminated RCTs.
Background: In shoulders with irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs) with high-grade fatty degeneration (Goutallier stage 3 or 4) of the supraspinatus tendon and low-grade fatty degeneration (Goutallier stage 1 or 2) of the infraspinatus tendon (ISP), arthroscopic patch grafting (PG) has been reported as superior to partial repair (PR) regarding the ISP retear rate at short-term to midterm follow-up. However, the longer term outcomes are unclear. Purpose: To compare clinical and structural outcomes in the PG and PR groups at a minimum of 7 years postoperatively. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We evaluated 24 patients in the PG group and 24 patients in the PR group. We primarily used the Constant score for clinical outcomes and performed magnetic resonance imaging for structural outcomes in the PG and PR groups. The risk factors for a retear of the ISP were identified by univariate and multivariate (forward stepwise selection method) logistic regression analyses. We primarily compared values at midterm follow-up (<4 years) with values at the final follow-up (minimum 7 years) for each patient. Results: The mean midterm and final follow-up times for the PG group were 41.0 and 95.1 months, respectively, compared with 35.7 and 99.3 months, respectively, for the PR group. We found significant differences for the midterm and final follow-up Constant total scores in the PG and PR groups (midterm follow-up: 79.1 vs 69.9, respectively [ P = .001]; final follow-up: 76.0 vs 65.3, respectively [ P = .006]) and in the Constant strength scores (midterm follow-up: 14.6 vs 8.5, respectively [ P < .001]; final follow-up: 13.1 vs 8.3, respectively [ P = .001]). Treatment group (PR) was a significant predictor of an ISP retear in the logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, 3.545; P = .043). Conclusion: Patients with low-grade massive RCTs treated with PG or PR improved significantly in terms of clinical outcomes at the midterm and final follow-up time points. However, Constant scores were significantly better in the PG group at the final follow-up.
Background: The presence of delamination and a larger rotator cuff tear (RCT) size have been associated with poorer outcomes in rotator cuff repair. Therefore, we developed a new surgical procedure, arthroscopic lamina-specific double-row fixation (ALSDR), for the repair of large delaminated RCTs. Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcomes, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and satisfaction with several variables after ALSDR for large delaminated RCTs.
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