A field trial was conducted in Udaipur to the evaluate efficacy of carbosulfan 25% EC at 250, 312.5 and 375 g a.i. ha -1 along with thiamethoxam 25% WG at 25 g a.i. ha -1 , imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 25 g a.i. ha -1 and acetamiprid 20% SP at 10 g a.i. ha -1 against aphid (Myzus persicae) in cumin during Rabi, 2013-14 and 2014-15. The result revealed that two sprays of carbosulfan 25% EC at 375 g a.i. ha -1 was found effective against aphid. It caused maximum mean reduction in aphid population after second spray at 10 days after application, which was 87.52% and 88.45% during 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. It was followed by carbosulfan 25% EC at 312.5 g a.i. ha -1 . The maximum yields were recorded in case of carbosulfan 25% EC at 375 g a.i. ha -1 , which were 622.3 and 456.7 kg ha -1 during 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively.
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2013-14 at Dryland Farming Research Station, Bhilwara (Rajasthan) to study the effect of organic nutrient sources on productivity and profitability of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The experiment consisted of eight treatments having three organic sources viz., farmyard manure, vermicompost and poultry manure with or without rock phosphate and spray of vermiwsh was laid out in a randomized block design and replicated thrice. The organic sources comprising combined application of vermicompost @ 1 t ha -1 and 0.35 t Rock phosphate produced significantly higher number of pods per plant (18.33), number nodules per plant (13.11), pod weight per plant (13.43 g), test weight (36.39 g) and shelling percentage (54.06), pod yield (1377 kg ha -1 ), halum yield (2944 kg ha -1 ) of groundnut over the no manure application and superior over rest the treatments. The pod yield increased due to application of vermicompost @ 1 t ha -1 + 0.35 t Rock phosphate to the tune of 61.62 per cent over control. Application of vermicompost @ 1 t ha -1 + 0.35 t Rock phosphate gave highest net return (Rs. 41137 ha -1 ) and B: C ratio (3.19).
Background: The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a plant lice known to commonly attack plants that causes loss by sucking sap from phloem and act as vector for viruses. The aphidophagous coccinellids are efficient in controlling the pestiferous population of aphids. The two coccinellid Coccinella septempunctata and Cheilomenes sexmaculata are efficient in predation of cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora in southern Rajasthan. The present study determined the response of prey consumption at different prey densities.
Methods: To compute the functional and numeric response of the lady bird beetle on cowpea aphid, experiment was conducted in vitro by using cowpea potted plant in caged conditions at Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture during 2019-20. The cowpea pea plants were sown in small pots and were placed in aluminium insect cages having 15 cm × 15 cm × 15 cm size. The predatory potential of coccinellid grubs and adults were evaluated at six different prey densities (aphids per arena): 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 and 200 with 5 replications.
Result: The grub and adults of C. septempunctata consumed more prey as compared to C. sexmaculata. Both the coccinellid showed Type II functional response when functional curve was plotted. The linear regression method suggested that C. septempunctata required less time to act upon prey as compared to C. sexmaculata. The C. septempunctata also showed more numeric response in terms of ECI [conversion efficiency of prey consumption (ECI) into biomass (egg)] at different prey densities. The fecundity in both the cases increased with the increased prey densities that eventually decreased after reaching the maximum egg laying capacity at prey density of 125 aphids. In all the cases it was found that consumption rate of predaceous beetle increased with increasing aphid population.
it is determined that under prevailing agro-climatic conditions, cowpea crop for green pods fertilized with 50% RDN through FYM + 50% RDN through neem cake + Vermiwash 10% spray at 10% flowering stage proved most efficient in enhancing yield of cowpea and found economically viable treatment. This treatment application has produced maximum green pod yield 5206.00 kg ha -1 and gave highest gross and net return 104120.00 and 81782.30` ha -1 respectively with a benefit cost ratio of 3.66.
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