Objectives
Antioxidants can reduce oxidative radicals that affect the early phase of atherogenesis, that is endothelial dysfunction. Polysaccharide Peptide (PsP) derived from
Ganoderma lucidum
has an active substance in the form of β-glucan. Previous studies have proven the PsP of
Ganoderma lucidum
as an effective antioxidant in atherosclerotic rats and shows no toxicity in animal model. This study aims to prove the effect of PsP as potent antioxidant in high risk and stable angina patients.
Method
This is a clinical trial conducted to 37 high risk and 34 stable angina patients, which were determined based on ESC Stable CAD Guidelines and Framingham risk score, with pre and post test design without control group. The parameters are superoxide dimustase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, circulating endothelial cell (CEC) and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) counts. The patients were given PsP 750 mg/day in 3 divided dose for 90 days. Paired
t
-test was performed for normally distributed data, and Wilcoxon test for not normally distributed data, and significant level of p ≤ 0,05.
Results
SOD level in high risk patients slightly increased but not statistically significant with p = 0,22. Level of SOD in stable angina group significantly increased with p = 0,001. MDA concentration significantly reduced in high risk and stable angina patients with p = 0.000. CEC significantly reduced both in high risk and stable angina patients, with p = 0.000 in both groups. EPC count significantly reduced in high risk and stable angina with p = 0.000.
Conclusion
PsP of
Ganoderma lucidum
is a potent antioxidant against pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in stable angina and high risk patients
Aim: This study examined the relationship between Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) with Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Materials & methods: A total of 1000 patients with ACS admitted to the Cardiology Department of the Dustira Army Hospital were included in this study. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed from January 2019 to June 2020 with consecutive sampling. Results: In the group with a higher TIMI score, the MHR result was considerably higher. In the same way, MHR was more significant in the group with a high-risk than in low-risk GRACE. Conclusion: MHR is a convenient, reproducible and correlates with GRACE and TIMI score as predictive biomarkers in patients with ACS.
Peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan usia
merupakan masalah yang akan dihadapi dalam beberapa dekade ke depan.Hal tersebut
ditunjang pula dengan terjadinya pergeseran pola demografi penduduk pada usia tua akan semakin mendominasi di beberapa benua terutama Eropa, Amerika, dan sebagian dari Asia. Secara epidemiologi penyakit kardiovaskuler sampai saat ini tetap menjadi penyakit dengan angka mortalitas tertinggi. Penelitian Framingham telah mengungkapkan bahwa peningkatanusia bertindak sebagai salah satu faktor risiko yang akan meningkatkan insiden dan prevalensi penyakit kardiovaskular. Oleh sebab itu pengetahuan dasar dari segi fisiologis sistem kardiovaskular merupakan hal penting sebagai dasar pemahaman terjadinya peningkatan tersebut. Telaah pustaka ini mencoba menyajikan tentang perubahan fisiologis akibat penuaan pada sistem kardiovaskuler yang merupakan titik awal perubahan dalam pengaruh usia dalam kaitannya terhadap peningkatan insiden morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit kardiovaskular.
Objective: Endothelial dysfunction is the primary initial step for atherogenesis in cardiovascular disease. Stable angina pectoris is a stable form of cardiovascular disease that profoundly alters Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) and Circulating Endothelial Cells (CEC). Both CEC and EPC have a significant role as native homeostasis biomarker of endothelial, which could initiate cytokine storm when homeostasis was altering. Ganoderma Lucidum is known for the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties and indirect anti endothelial dysfunction. The previous study has proven the Polysaccharide Peptide (PsP) of Ganoderma Lucidum as an effective antioxidant and anti-endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis rats and shows no toxicity in an animal model. This study goals to prove the effect of PsP in CEC and EPC in stable angina patients.
Methods: This is a quasi-experimental trial of 35 Stable Angina patients, determined based on ESC Stable CAD Guidelines with pre and post-test design without a control group. The parameters are CEC and EPC counts. The patients were given PsP 750mg/day in 3 divided doses for 90 days. A paired t-test perform for normally distributed data, and the Wilcoxon test for not normally distributed data, and a significant level of p≤0,05.
Results: CEC significantly reduced in stable angina patients, with p=0,001. EPC count significantly reduced in stable angina with p=0,001.
Conclusion: Ganoderma Lucidum PsP is a potent anti-endothelial dysfunction against atherosclerosis's pathogenesis in stable angina.
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