Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infection that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and it isstill the major health problem worldwide. MTB infection can induce oxidative stress. Some studies have proved that active TB patients have an association with excessive oxidative stress which causes glutathione (GSH) levels to decrease and free radicals to increase. GSH facilitates the control of MTB intracellular bacterial growth in macrophages and has direct antimicrobial activity. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a thiol, a precursor of L-cysteine and GSH that has been used for decades as a mucolytic agent in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Some studies have reported a beneficial role of NAC as an immunomodulator, besides, it also has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect in TB management.
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