A 1.94 GHz CW modelocked ytterbium-doped bismuthate waveguide laser is presented. The waveguide was fabricated using the ultrafast laser inscription technique. Pulse energy of 30.9 pJ and pulse duration of 1.1 ps are inferred from the spectral width.
We report the fabrication and characterisation of rare-earth-doped multicore optical fiber with the aim to develop multi-band optical fiber laser sources and amplifiers to exploit future novel multicore fiber laser and amplifiers. Introduction:Multicore fiber laser can be considered as a good candidate when it comes to high power single mode operations in near future. Multicore fibers with different rare-earth dopants in each core are of interest in order to develop gain fiber with a single pump to operate as multi-band lasers and amplifiers. Previous efforts in Tellurite glass fibers have been able to achieve amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in the visible, infrared and mid-infrared regions with 980 nm pumping [1]. The multicore configuration, allows the optimization of design parameters and dopants, as a result one can expect to achieve a multiple wavelength laser with a common pump from it. Multicore fiber amplifiers doped with Erbium are suitable for amplifying space division multiplexed signals. Recent works on 7 core Er 3+ fiber amplifiers and numerical simulations have shown that the optimization of fiber design could lead to a significant improvement of the amplifier performance in terms of gain and power conversion efficiency [2].We are reporting two novel types of multicore fibers (MCF) fabricated at CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramics Research Institute, Kolkata in order to develop common pump multi-band lasers and amplifiers operating at 1.5 and 1.9 microns simultaneously. The two MCFs fabricated are a five core fiber, incorporating a central passive core and four surrounding cores having Er-Yb and Tm-Yb co-doped glass placed diagonally, and a seven core Erbium doped fiber with the central core being passive and six Erbium cores placed hexagonally around it. MCF Fabrication:The first step in the MCF fabrication was the preparation of the passive GeO 2 preform, which was done by the Modified Chemical Vapour Deposition (MCVD) technique followed by over-cladding. The preform then was drilled in hexagonal and square pattern to accommodate the six Erbium doped cores and two Tm-Yb, Er-Yb cores each. The drilling of the preforms was done at the Optoelectronics Research Centre at the University of Southampton. The rare earth doped preform rods were also fabricated by MCVD technique followed by a solution doping method, which has been reported to give both accurate and high dopant levels [3]. The silica cladding from the rare-earth-doped preform was chemically etched to render a 3.0 mm diameter rare-earthdoped rod. These etched rare-earth-doped rods were then inserted into the ultrasonically drilled GeO 2 doped preform in order to make a composite rare-earth-doped multicore preform.The standard solution doping technique using MCVD process to make the Erbium doped, Er-Yb and Tm-Yb co-doped preforms involved the deposition of porous silica soot layer into the inner surface of a silica tube at a temperature of 1500 0 C followed by soaking with an alcoholic solution of suitable strength of precursors of rareearths...
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