Background: Ectopic pregnancy is an obstetric emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Incidence of ectopic pregnancies has been increasing in last two to three decades with reduction in mortality. The presenting symptoms include irregular vaginal bleeding. The present study was undertaken to study the clinical features of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The present study on ectopic pregnancies was carried out in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India from January 2019 to October 2019. All patients admitted with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, either ruptured or unruptured where included in the study.Results: Total 52 patient of ectopic pregnancy were studies. Majority (63.46%) of patients belong to the age group 21-30 years. Ectopic pregnancy was most commonly noted in nulliparous woman (44.23%) Majority of the case (31%) had no risk factors among remaining (34.61%), previous MTP (17%), (17-30%) previous ectopic (9%) and PID (15-38%) were identified risk factors. Ampulla (75%) was the most common site for ectopic pregnancy. 57% of the cases were on the right side. The common presenting complaints were pain in abdomen (81%) bleeding/ spotting per vaginal (42%). There was no mortality.Conclusions: Surgical treatment was done more often because of patients reporting late to the hospital screening of high-risk case, early diagnosis and early intervention reduce the morbidity and mortality in ectopic pregnancies.
BACKGROUND: Fetal movement is described as motion of the fetus perceived by the mother and is considered as a sign of foetal wellbeing. A reduction of foetal movements causes concern and anxiety, both to the mother and obstetrician.Decreased foetal movements are regarded as a marker for suboptimal intrauterine conditions,possibly of placental dysfunction and intrauterine stress. Evaluation of maternal perception of decrease foetal movement is done by taking proper history,daily foetal movement count (DFMC),non-stress test (NST) and ultrasonography. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to find out perinatal outcome among women with decreased foetal movements. The rational for the study is that our findings should contribute to maternal understanding of foetal wellbeing in utero,and possible ways to work with mothers to prevent intrauterine foetal deaths and stillbirths. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a hospital based descriptive study conducted at Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, Srimati Heera Kunwar Ba Mahila Chikitsalaya,Jhalawar Medical College Jhalawar from November 2018 to October 2019. Ethical approval was taken from ethical committee and written informed consent was taken from the participants.Total 192 women were included in the study with complain of decreased foetal movements.To ev aluate the foetal well-being daily foetal movement count (DFMC),non-stress test (NST) and ultrasonography was done. RESULT: There was no statistically significant association between DFMC and foetal outcome, but reactive NST is associated with good foetal outcome. CONCLUSION: W rd e conclude that reduced foetal movement during 3 trimester could be ominous sign. Our study suggests that NST,sonography and DFMC may be used to evaluate the women complaining of decrease foetal movement and may identify the women at risk for adverse perinatal outcome.
Background: Down syndrome occurs in people of all races and economic levels. Cardiac anomalies with a prevalence of about 50% are the most common anomaly responsible for death during the 1st two years of life in children with down syndrome. Objective of the study was to Assess the incidence and type of congenital heart disease in children with down syndrome presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Hospital based descriptive study. Participants: All children (0 to 18 years) diagnosed (clinically or on karyotyping) with Down syndrome, presenting in RNT Medical College, Udaipur Each patient was evaluated with a pre-set Performa which contained detailed sociodemographic profile, maternal and clinical history including age of conception, detailed physical examination to look for features of down syndrome. Degree of Intellectual / Developmental retardation was assessed by Vineland Social Maturity Scale. 2D- echo, karyotyping was done in all patient. CBC, thyroid profile, CXR, USG- abdomen, Invertogram were done as per need. Results: Total 144 participants included in the study, 75 (52%) were females and rest were males 48%. Out of these 111 (77%) were aware about dog bite causes disease and among these 52 (46.8%) were aware that dog bite causes rabies. Among the participants, 138 (95.8%) were aware about the vaccine availability and 125 (90.5%) knew vaccine is available in Government Hospital. In the study 88% of dog bite victims received treatment. Conclusions: More than half of children with Down syndrome have congenital heart disease, mostly Acyanotic, more specifically VSD. Early screening and diagnosis re the key to avoid irreversible hemodynamic consequences.
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