The present study examines the use of residual sugar from sugarcane bagasse for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), a class of biodegradable microbial polymers. To achieve this, 26 bacterial isolates were screened for PHA production. From the strains isolated, ART_MKT2E was found to produce PHA and was selected to discover its capability to use a bagasse‐based medium (BGM). To date, the lignocellulosic component of bagasse has been used as a substrate by treating bagasse with acids. This study demonstrates the use of residual sugar from bagasse as a substrate for PHA production. The concentration of bagasse filtrate was found to be optimum at 60%, along with yeast extract and additional salts (pH 7.0 ± 0.5). The maximum PHA production (w/w) was 55%. These results indicate the successful use of non‐lignocellulosic BGM. The remaining lignocellulosic component of bagasse could be fed as a substrate for another production process, promoting a sustainable, biobased economy. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biopolymers produced by various Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria within their cells. The accumulation of this polymer is induced when the bacteria is facing nutrient limiting conditions. Gram negative bacteria can produce PHA but because of the presence of lipopolysaccharides which are immunogenically reactive, the PHA producing potential has not been used. Keeping this in mind, this study was aimed at the isolation of robust Gram-positive bacterial strains from pharmaceutical industry effluent. Further, the isolated strains were then screened for their ability to produce PHA. We isolated 24 bacterial strains from the effluent and identified 6 as PHA producing strains. The highest PHA producing isolated was characterized using various biochemical tests. The PHA extracted was characterized spectrophotometrically using Law Slepecky method. This PHA-producing isolate may be employed for commercial production of PHA for biomedical application, bioremediation etc.
Good health service is the right of every citizen in India. But due to being expensive, the poor used to stay away from it. India, the world’s largest democracy and sixth-biggest economy, has been steadily humanizing its health services for the last few years. On 1- Feb-2018, the central government launched a health protection scheme named “Ayushman Bharat Yojna” by hon’ble prime minister Mr. Narendra Modi. In this scheme, approximately 10 corers of poor families are availing the free health service up to 5 lakhs rupees per annum per family. The objective of this research paper is to find the awareness, perception, and satiation of the citizens who are availing of this service. The success of this scheme depends on how many people can take advantage of this scheme and it is possible only through monitoring.
Cellulases are a group of enzymes that are involved in the breakdown of cellulose into simpler sugars. These enzymes have tremendous application in the production various products like pulp and paper, textiles etc. Plants, animals and various microorganisms like protozoans, bacteria and fungi naturally produce these enzymes. Since most industrial applications utilize fungi and bacteria for fermentation, this study was also designed to isolate cellulose producing bacterial strains. In this study, food waste was collected from cafeteria and used for isolation of cellulase producing bacterial strains. The waste was pulverized using mortar and pestle subsequently used for making serial dilution, followed by the spreading of diluents on nutrient agar plates. Morphologically distinct colonies were selected and streaked to obtain single colonies. Cellulase production potential of the selected 8 isolates was tested by streaking each strain on agar plates enriched with different concentration of carboxymethylcellulose (as the sole carbon source). The plates were incubated for 72-120 hours followed by staining with 1% (v/ v) Congo-red dye. Further the plates were decolourised by 1M Sodium chloride solution. A zone of clearance was observed around the bacterial strains capable of cellulase production because of their ability to hydrolyze cellulose. Further, the ability of the isolates to utilize varying concentration of CMC was tested in order to ascertain. The study resulted in isolation of 3 cellulase producing bacterial strains from cafeteria waste which can be utilized in cellulase production in the industries and also in agricultural waste management.
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