Based on data from Indonesian Health Ministry in 2009, osteoporosis case reached 19,7 % of the populations in Indonesia, especially women in menopause period. The treatment was performed by consuming bisphosphonate drugs per oral which was not effective since the absorption intake of the drug was only less than 55% of the intake dosage. Because of that, the bone filler which also has a function as drug delivery system was developed. The hydroxyapatite-gelatin bone filler with the addition of alendronate was studied. To increase the characteristics of this bone filler, glutaraldehyde was introduced in the composite as a crosslinking agent. The concentration of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% were used. The bone filler was then characterized based on FTIR test, morphology test, compressive strength test, cytotoxicity test, and degradation test. The FTIR result showed that there was no significant difference between the sample with and without glutaraldehyde since the crosslinking bond of glutaraldehyde and gelatin was C=N bond which also presented in the gelatin. The morphology of the samples depicted a bigger pore size for higher glutaraldehyde concentration which also supported by lower compressive strength. All the samples were non-toxic based on the cytotoxicity test which had cell viability more than 100%. The degradation tests showed that with the presence of glutaraldehyde in the bone filler could maintain its form longer than the bone filler without glutaraldehyde. In conclusion, the presence of glutaraldehyde could increase the characteristics of the hydroxyapatite-gelatin composite with the addition of alendronate as a bone filler candidate for osteoporotic bone.
Abstract. Fitriana N, Susandarini R. 2019. Short Communication: Morphology and taxonomic relationships of shallot (Allium cepa L. group aggregatum) cultivars from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2809-2814. Shallot is an important vegetable crop commodity in Indonesia, and its ranks third in terms of cultivation area after chili (Capsicum annuum L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). There are a number of superior cultivars of this species that have been studied in terms of their morpho-agronomic traits, but their morphological variability and its implication to taxonomic relationships have not been studied in depth. This study aimed at documenting morphological variability and taxonomic relationships of 12 superior shallot cultivars using numerical taxonomic approaches. Sixteen morphological characters from leaves and bulbs were used in cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results revealed that twelve shallot cultivars from Indonesia showed significant variability in leaf and bulb morphology, particularly in quantitative characteristics as indicated from ANOVA. The grouping of cultivars and their taxonomic relationships generated from cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed the role of bulb morphology as determining characteristics in the grouping of cultivars. This study suggested the importance of bulb morphology in the characterization of shallot cultivars.
Era Ekonomi digital harus disikapi oleh pelaku usaha perempuan, yang melekat dengan stigma harus mengurus rumah tangga, dengan kemampuan dalam menumbuhkan suatu usaha. Pertumbuhan usaha perempuan diduga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya teknologi informasi, media sosial, dan pengetahuan keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknologi informasi, media sosial, dan pengetahuan keuangan terhadap pertumbuhan bisnis perempuan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS 26 for windows. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pengurus dan anggota Jogja Muslimah Preneur yang berjumlah 100 orang, sedangkan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampel, dan didapatkan 50 pengusaha Muslimah yang tergabung di komunitas Jogja Muslimah Preneur yang menjadi responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; pertama, variabel teknologi informasi berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan usaha; kedua, variabel media sosial berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan usaha, dan ketiga, variabel pengetahuan keuangan berpengaruh positif tehadap pertumbuhan usaha. Selanjutnya secara simultan diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel teknologi informasi, media sosial dan pengetahuan keuangan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan usaha perempuan.
Childhood is a time that very susceptible to various diseases due to a less of affective
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