The COVID-19 pandemic has had a consequential impact on the global health system. Multisystem involvement is common in COVID-19. Many COVID-19 patients also showed changes in haematological parameters. This cross-sectional study included patients who attended the fever clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, with fever and/or upper respiratory symptoms. Demographic information, information regarding symptoms, exposure and comorbidities were collected. Complete blood count profile and C-reactive protein were done. Patients underwent RT-PCR for Covid-19 at the fever clinic. A total of 350 patients were included in the study. The study revealed that 21.4% of respondents were COVID-19 positive. PCR-positive patients were more likely to be symptomatic and had elevated C reactive protein levels. COVID-19 positive patients also showed higher total leucocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, and platelet count. BSMMU J 2022; 15(2): 75-79
Background: Aberrant expression (AE) of Acute Leukaemia (AL) is essential to confirm the diagnosis of AL patients whether it is biphenotypic/mix phenotypic AL or it is AL with AE. Objectives: This study is conducted to observe the diversity of aberrant immunophenotypic expressions among the patients of acute leukaemia with varying frequencies, to find out the correlation between aberrantly expressed immunophenotypic markers with different variety of French American British (FAB) sub classification of acute leukaemia and any correlation of clinical presentation of AL patients with aberrantly expressed immunophenotypic markers. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the department of Haematology, BSMMU, Bangladesh on 50 patients from 14 to 65 years of age of both sex of newly diagnosed de- novo untreated AL patients from January 2017 to June 2018. Informed written consent & clinical history is taken and physical examinations were done in a predesigned data collection sheet. Then Bone marrow (BM) with peripheral blood sample for morphology and immunophenotyping were done in the laboratory of the Haematology department of BSMMU. After collection of data, these data were analysed for the final result. Result: In this study, 24 (48%) patients of de-novo Acute Leukaemia have Immunophenotypic aberrant expressions. Among them 12 (24%) patients were AML with AE, 9 (18%) patients were B ALL with AE, 3 (6%) patients were T ALL with AE and 2 (4%) patients were MPAL. In case of AML the most frequent Lymphoid aberrant marker is CD7 (12%), In B ALL the most frequent aberrant marker is CD5 (10%) and in T ALL the most frequent aberrant marker is CD10 (4%). Conclusion: In de-novo acute leukaemia, there is significant number of patients have aberrant expression which should be differentiated from biphenotypic/mix phenotypic AL for therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Background: Hb-E/Beta thalassaemia is a congenital haemoglobin disorder which is a compound heterozygous state consists of qualitative disorder like Hb E variant & quantitative Hb disorder caused by genetic mutation of Beta chain. Objective: The aim of the study was to identify the beta gene mutation in Hb E/Beta thalassaemia. Method: A total of 32 diagnosed Hb E/Beta thalassaemia patients were included in this cross-sectional study from May 2019 to July 2020. Genetic analysis was done by sanger sequencing. Results: In this observational study, we found 13 different types of Beta gene mutations. Heterozygous for IVS 1-5(G>C) mutation was most frequent (53.1%). Conclusion: Genetic mutation is the confirmatory diagnosis for thalassaemia as well as one of the main factors for clinical expression. Mutation pattern also varies according to the geographical distribution. So, this study shows the frequently found mutation in Bangladesh and should carry out routinely to point out phenotypic expression.
Introduction: Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of white blood cells and its precursors. At diagnosis, various risk scoring systems have been formulated for risk stratification. In 2016, European Treatment Outcome Study (EUTOS) Long Term Survival (ELTS) score has been formulated most recently. This score was recommended by European LeukaemiaNet in 2020. Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the frequency of high-risk patients among Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia patients in chronic phase using ELTS scoring system. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted among patients at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between September 2020 and October 2021. A total of fifty chronic myeloid leukaemia patients were enrolled using purposive sampling technique. Clinical information and haematological parameters were recorded. Bone marrow study was conducted to confirm phase of the disease. ELTS risk score was calculated, and risk stratification was done. Chi-square test was done to find out statistical association between variables. Results: Among study participants, 14% were identified as high-risk cases using ELTS score. 40% of patients were intermediate-risk and 46% were low-risk disease. Presence of hepatomegaly or splenomegaly were significantly more common among high-risk patients. Significantly increased eosinophil and blast percentages and significantly lower haemoglobin level were found in high-risk patients. Conclusion: A fair proportion of the CML patients were identified as high-risk patients. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lower haemoglobin, higher eosinophil and higher blast percentages were identified to be independently associated with higher risk stratification of patients.
The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of hypothyroidism in transfusion dependent thalassaemia patients. A total of 64 transfusion dependent thalassaemia (TDT) patients were included in this cross-sectional study from April, 2018 to September, 2019 according to selection criteria. Thyroid hormone status was assessed by estimation of serum FT4 and serum TSH. Body iron load was estimated by serum ferritin level. The study sample consisted of 43 male and 21 female TDT patients, with a mean age of 25.5 years. Total 28% patients were found hypothyroid, 11% were overt hypothyroid and 17% were subclinical hypothyroid. Mean serum ferritin level was 2462.6 ng/ml. Significant correlation was not found between serum TSH and Serum ferritin level (p = 0.055). Total unit of transfusion (p=0.001) and duration of transfusion therapy (p=0.003) were significantly associated with development of hypothyroidism.
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