Objective: To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease. METHODOLOGY: This was a prospective -observational cross sectional, analytical study, conducted in Department of Chest-TB and Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal from November 2012 to December 2013. Patient having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were subjected to this study. Age and sex matched controls were selected randomly. Purpose of study was explained and informed consent was obtained. RESULTS: Distribution of metabolic syndrome among COPD patients, according to sex (male: female) was 6:1 whereas 2.2:1 in controls (male preponderance).42% of COPD patients and 22% of control participants presented 3 or more determinants of the metabolic syndrome. Mean FBS was significantly different from controls with mean FBS value of 119.6±39.39 and 90.16±25.26 respectively. Mean abdominal girth, systolic BP, diastolic BP, HDL levels, triglyceride and BMI were not significantly different between cases and controls. CONCLUSION: This study showed that there is strong association of COPD with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Depressed fracture poses a specific challenge to neurosurgeon. Aim of our study is to analyze benefits of primary reconstruction of depressed skull fracture and to compare various methods of fracture reconstruction with that of titanium miniplates The concept of primary reconstruction was to close the defect and preserve the anatomical barrier, to avoid later crainoplasty and to prevent further complications like CSF leak, pneumocephalus, brain fungus and meningitis etc. The second reason for rigid fixation was to achieve good cosmetic results.Methods: This is observational study carried out in Department of General Surgery, Hamidia hospital Bhopal on 36 patients over period of 18 months from January, 2016 to July, 2017.Results: : Depressed skull fracture is more prevalent in second and third decade of life with male to female ratio of 5:1 . Most of the patients (72%) presented with open fracture skull and majority of them (89%) presented with underlying brain injury. Out of total 36 patients of depressed fracture skull, 18 patients (50%) underwent fixation with titanium miniplate and rest underwent fixation with nylon suture, Poly-L-Lactide and primary elevation of depressed skull fracture. The correction of deformity was more than 90% compared to contralateral side and better cosmetic results were obtained on patients treated with titanium mini-plates. Post operative infection rate was nil in patient treated with titanium mini-plates compared to 8.2% of total infection rates in patients treated with other methods.Conclusions: The concept of primary reconstruction of depressed skull fracture to achieve better cosmetic results and minimum post operative complications. Cosmetic results that were obtained with titanium mini-plates were excellent with nil post operative infection rates and complete neurological recovery. Hence titanium mini-plates are cost effective and better than any other methods.

This study was done to observe the serum/plasma oxidant-antioxidant status among asthmatic patients. Plasma MDA (Malon-di-aldehyde), an oxidant and Serum SOD (superoxide dismutase), an antioxidant, were assayed among asthmatic patients and their mean values were compared with healthy volunteer controls. Values were also observed in different age groups. The difference in mean pMDA level was found statistically significantly among cases and control, higher among asthmatic patients. Likewise, s-SOD level was significantly reduced among asthmatic patients. Clearly, there was an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants levels among asthmatic patients and this consideration may be helpful in proper planning of basket of anti-asthma interventions. Future studies are recommended.

Background: Lung cancer is among the five main types of cancer leading to overall cancer mortality contributing about 1.3 million deaths/year globally. Completion of treatment among lung cancer patients is one of key factor for the survival and longevity of patients. So, we have tried to find out prevalence of treatment default through this study.Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study (including retrospective secondary and prospective primary data) using data base of patients of primary lung cancer diagnosed between 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2012 in indoor and outdoor of department of Respiratory Medicine, J.L.N. Medical College, Ajmer, a tertiary level hospital and teaching center.Results: Incidence of lung cancer is significantly higher among young female (10.23%) as compared to young male (8.74 %). Whereas in older group number of male suffering from lung cancer than female. Total 269 (20.7%) patients defaulted from planned treatment and most of them ultimately drop-out from chemotherapy cycles. Intercycle delay of 2 weeks-1m commonly seen.Conclusions: It provides future implication to researchers to explore reasons of these defaults and drop outs so that more evidences can be generated in this direction for the ultimate betterment of lung cancer patients.

Introduction: Anti tuberculosis drug resistance is a major public health problem that threatens progress made in TB care and control. Globally prevalence of MDR TB(Multidrug resistance tuberculosis i.e.resitance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin) is estimated around 4.1% in new cases and 19% in previously treated cases according to WHO report. Clinical depression is common but often neglected problem among TB patients. This study was conducted to know problem of depression among MDR Tb patients. Aims and objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of depression in people with TB at the time of anti-TB treatment initiation and to assess factors associated with baseline depression. Material and methods: It is a observational study conducted in tertiary care centre. After obtaining proper consent and ethical consent data was collected using PHQ 9 score. Data was analysed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Out of total 100 patients 80% were Pulmonary Tuberculosis(PTB) while 20% were Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB). Around 56% patients were male while 44% were female. Prevalence of depression was 51%. Conclusion: Depression is common problem among MDR TB which is preventable and can be managed if identified at early stage.