Dyslexia is one of the commonest learning disability. It is defined as a disorder where a child, in spite of all the classroom teaching, is not able to attain the language skills of reading, writing and spelling according to their level of intelligence. Dyslexia individuals often have difficulty in relating to the association between sound and their respective letters. Reversing or transposing the letters while writing is characteristic with letters such as b and d, P and q, etc., The prevalence among school children is reported as 9.87% and in the selected families, it is 28.32%. Dyslexia significantly interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily life and are not primarily due to sensory, motor or mentally handicaps. About 40% of dyslexic children and adolescents dropout of schools. According to Ayurveda, learning is a result of successive and complex interaction of Indriyas (cognitive and motor organs), Indriyartha (sense organs), Mana (psyche), Atma and Buddhi (intellect). Above all, the functioning of these factors is governed by Tridosha (vata, pitta and kapha) and Triguna (Sattva, Raja and Tama) in a specific coordination and balance Any disturbance in these Tridosha and Triguna will cause disordered functioning of Indriya, Mana and Buddhi leading to impaired learning or Dyslexia Ayurvedic drugs can help in the management of dyslexia by making these Tridosha and Triguna in well-balanced state and also by providing Medhya (intellect promoting) drugs to improve the learning ability in these children.
Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases of the 20 th century and spreading further with continuance and increasing incidence in 21 st century. At present Chemoprevention and Radiotherapy is main stay of management. But these can produce toxic side effects, which have limited their extensive use. Ayurveda drugs available in different part of the world have been extensively studied for their anti-cancer activity. Ayurveda also have provided with many such drugs which can be proved to be a good anti-cancer substitute to conventional treatment or also provide benefit as an adjuvant therapy. Researches on many such Ayurvedic plants available in India like Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Plumbago zeylanica, Ocimum sanctum, Tinospora cordifolia, Catharanthus roseus are reviewed, and found to be effective as anti-cancer in many types of cancers and adjuvant therapy along with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There is a broad scope to derive the potent anticancer agents from medicinal plants, which need thorough research.
Environment we are leaving in is laden with billions of microorganisms. Maximum of them lives in commensalism with human, and are not harmful, or are opportunistic which may prove hazardous in immune-compromised hosts and children. They may prove harmful in open wounds, Operation theatre settings, in neonatal wards or labor room. Thus proper disinfection and sterilization is always a major concern especially in hospital settings and neonatal wards. The bacterial flora are dynamic in nature, differ from place to place and also change over time, which have made modern disinfectant procedure a cumbersome process with emerging resistance. Ayurveda have provided an elaborated explanation of many herbal drugs which may prove to be safe, effective and lucrative in present settings. In the present study nine such drugs which are explained in Ayurveda classical text Kashyapa samhita for Dhoopana (fumigation) namely Nimba, Guggul, Sarshapa, Ela, Haridra, Bhallatak, Jatamansi, Nirgundi and Tulasi have been studied for their effectiveness as anti-bacterial and disinfectant properties. All drugs have been found to be effective and safe to be used especially in neonatal wards. Further study is needed on large scale for practical implementation of these herbs as primary drug for disinfection of neonatal wards and as preventive aspect in areas with epidemic outbreaks of infectious diseases.
Children are more susceptible to infections due to less immunity power. Frequent illnesses among children influence adversely on their growth and development. So the health status of this vulnerable age group (under 5 years age) is very much important as morbidities affect their health which influences the overall health status of the country. More than half of the children (53.7%) are suffering from some form of illness. Recurrent respiratory infection, recurrent diarrhea, recurrent fever, etc. are the most common causes of morbidity in immune-compromised children. The present study was planned to provide the demographic status of the morbidity pattern in children less than 5 years in a defined population. A cross sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to February 2019 by attending and participating in various health camps in various villages in periphery of Jaipur organized by PG Department of Kaumarabhritya, NIA, Jaipur. The sample size was calculated 501 (n = 501). All children from 06 months to 5 years were included in the study. During the study period, the sample size was 501, in which 187 (37.33%) children were found with morbidity features of either sex. Mainly 161 (32.14%) subjects were infected with recurrent RTIs, 98 (19.56%) subjects with anemia, 63 (12.57%) subjects with recurrent fever, 26 (5.19%) subjects with recurrent diarrhea and 17 (3.39%) subjects with skin infections. For enhancing the immunity of children and awareness about health, many Swarnaprashana camps and health checkup camps in various preschools situated in Jaipur were organized by PG Department of Kaumarabhritya, NIA and Jaipur.
Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Yarsagumba) is complex combination of fungus and dead caterpillar having high medicinal and economic value. From the ancient time, it is being used as traditional medicine in countries like Nepal and India. It naturally grows in the Himalayan alpine pastures of Nepal, India and Bhutan. However, there are limited literatures which explores the people’s interaction with the medicinal plants. This study focuses on availability and usage of Yarsagumba in Nepal, India and Bhutan. For this, systematic literature review was conducted to gather information from online resources using different keywords. Ophiocordyceps sinensis is largely used for brain and body nourishment to improve the immune system and used as a renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-metastatic, and neuroprotective agent. Despite of major opportunity, India, Nepal, and Bhutan have been only contributing 1.6, 1.4, and 0.5%, respectively of the total annual production of Ophiocordyceps sinensis. This paper has explored details on the ethnobotany and use of medicinal plants in the context of Nepal, India, and Bhutan. Apart from this, the production, benefits, and usage of Ophiocordyceps sinensis have also been discussed in this paper.
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