The river in Wonosalam is upstream of the rivers that flow in the Mojokerto and Jombang regions. As an upstream area, monitoring water quality of the river is needed so that pollution can be detected early. Water quality monitoring activities can be carried out using benthic macroinvertebrates indicator. The purpose of this PKM activity was to introduce water quality monitoring methods used benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators for students in the Wonosalam sub-district area. The main target of this activity is students of SLTPN 1 Wonosalam. The method used was lecturing, direct practicing, and discussion. Introduction of the benthic macroinvertebrates as a bioindicator was carried out very well: the students were very enthusiastic in the implementation activities from beginning to end, the students were quite active in the sampling process until the identification process, there was an increase in the students knowledge about bioindicators and the students were able to distinguish groups, EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) and non-EPT. Based on benthic macroinvertebrate sampling the result showed that the value of the Sumber Bengawan river are 6.25, indicated that Sumber Bengawan river was not polluted.
The Sumur Penguripan Cultural Reserve is an area of clean water wells in which there are two types of ponds, namely Canopied and Non-Canopied, with unspoiled environmental conditions. So, this area has potential as a natural habitat for the dragonfly community. The community of dragonflies at a location can be an environmental indicator, especially in waters, and also be used as a biological control for the terrestrial environment. This study aimed to report differences in the dragonfly’s structure community from the two types of canopy in the pond area of the Sumur Panguripan Cultural Reserve. This study uses the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method was modified using the Belt Transect method. The results of a study conducted in this location found that there were 20 species from 4 families, with 294 individuals. The value of species diversity of dragonflies at non-canopied locations is H’= 2.26, highest than the value of species diversity of dragonflies at locations with canopied that is H’= 1.87. At the canopied pond location, there were eight species with 48 individuals from 3 families. Meanwhile, at the Non-canopied pond location, there were 18 species with 246 individuals from 3 families.
Madura Cattle is one breed of local cattle from Indonesia. Madura cattle are estimated to originate from a crossbreeding between Bos indicus and Bos javanicus. Another presumption is that Madura cattle are the result of a crossbreeding between B. indicus males and mixed B. javanicus or Bos taurus. Tracing the history of Madura cross and another cattle phylogenetic based on maternal lineage can be done by analyzing the variation of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). The purpose of this study was to determine the clarity of the origin of Madura cattle based on maternal lineage using mtDNA markers Cyt b and D-loop. This research is expected to provide genetic information and the origin of Madura cattle, so that it can be used to help improve the breeding and conservation program for Madura cattle. The results of the phylogeny tree reconstruction, using the Cyt b and D-loop genes showed that Madura cattle originated from Sampang region (Polagan, Golbung, and Komis) were grouped into two types of maternal origin. Madura cattle clade I are grouped with B. indicus and B. taurus, while Madura cattle clade II are grouped with B. javanicus. A crossbreeding between B. javanicus and B. indicus is estimated to have been carried out since the entry of Hindu culture brought by the India peoples to Indonesia around 1800 years ago. The crossing between B. javanicus and B. indicus was then more intensively carried out at the time of the government's promoting the development of Ongol cattles (B. indicus) in the days of the Dutch East Indies. The length segment of Cyt b that can be amplified is 230 bp and the D-loop segment of varying length, 577 bp for the Madura 41 and 29 samples, and 624 bp for sample 32.
Noaulu an indigenous tribe of Seram Island who live in the Sepa Village of Amahai District, Maluku. This tribe still use forest products to fulfill their needs, including medication. Therefore, this study intends to know the kinds of medicinal plants used by the Noaulu Tribe and the types of diseases that can be treated. Collecting data in this study using survey method and an interview method with the public interest. Determination of the respondents was using purposive sampling method. Inventory of medicinal plants was done by a survey method survey based respondent information. The result of the research shows that there are 31 medicinal plants from 22 families. They are able to cure 20 diseases. The plants which are predominantly used are from Zingiberaceae family. Leaves of the plant are mostly used as the drugs. ABSTRAKSuku Noaulu merupakan suku asli Pulau Seram yang tinggal di Desa Sepa Kecamatan Amahai, Maluku. Suku ini masih memanfaatkan hasil hutan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mereka termasuk pengobatan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan berkhasiat obat yang digunakan oleh Suku Noaulu dan jenis-jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey (jelajah) dan metode wawancara dengan masyarakat Suku Noaulu di Dusun Rohuwa Desa Sepa Kecamatan Amahai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, Maluku. Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Inventarisasi tumbuhan obat di lapangan dilakukan dengan metode survey lapangan berdasarkan informasi responden. Tumbuhan berkhasiat obat yang digunakan pada masyarakat suku Noaulu di Dusun Rohuwa Desa Sepa sebanyak 31 jenis yang tergolong ke dalam 22 suku (famili) dan mampu mengobati 20 jenis penyakit. Tumbuhan berkhasiat obat yang digunakan didominasi oleh suku Zingiberaceae dan daun merupakan bagian tumbuhan yang sering digunakan untuk pengobatan.
Guava leaves (Psidium guajava) and banyan leaves (Ficus benjamina) both contain tannins, flavonoids, carotene and iron. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of guava leaf extract and banyan leaf on glucose levels in the blood of mice. The study was conducted with an experimental method using Easy touch completely randomized with). Guava leaf extract and banyan leaf extract were administered for 14 consecutive days to mice at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day. The results showed that guava leaf and banyan leaf extract increased glucose levels in the blood of mice. guava leaf extract glucose by 4.52% and banyan leaves by 0.45%. So it can be said that offering guava leaf extract and banyan leaf extract with certain doses and treatments can increase glucose levels in test animals.
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