Dehydrated cauliflower was prepared by soaking the blanched pieces in solutions of different concentrations of common salt and sucrose (cane sugar), alone and in combination, prior to drying in a cabinet drier and evaluated for sensory, rehydration, storage, microbiological, histological and sorption characteristics. While sucrose alone produced considerable improvement, salt supplemented its effect. The optimum treatment was soaking in 3% salt and 6% sucrose for 12-16h at 4°C; it markedly reduced shrinkage and improved rehydration without affecting palatability. It was necessary to boil the soak solution for 3 min and cool prior to soaking to reduce microbial contamination. The treatment increased ascorbic acid loss by 8%. Monolayer moisture content calculated from BET equation was 6.5% (moisture-free) basis for treated and 5.3% for untreated. The treatment increased the shelf-life of the product from 3 to 12 months at ambient temperature when packaged in paper-foil-polythene laminate.

A b s t r a c tThe herb properties which include anti anti was indica petroleum ether. Fresh leaves of the plant were collected and shade milled to obtain powder. Powder was subjected to soxhlet extraction using solvents and extracts were successively obtained. Phytochemical analysis was conducted following standard methods. Phytochemical analysis showed the presen Saponins, Flavanoids and Amino acids. Leaf extract of methonal have shown the highest anti oxidation capacity than hexane, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether. Anti been performed on microbes like sps.results provide evidence that antimicrobial and antioxid analysis for finding potent medicines for diseases.

Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn.(fabaceae),a spice seed used to flavour, color and texture of food and it is employed in various medicinal purposes in traditional systems. Trigonella foenum-graecum commonly known as fenugreek is a plant extensively used as source of antidiabetic compounds from its seeds. It has been acutely lower postprandial glucose levels. Number of laboratory research gives the information about the biological actions of fenugreek. The aim of the study was to screen the medicinal and antibacterial activities of distilled water, methanol, acetone; ethanol extract of the spice. The invitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method. Methanol, acetone, ethanol and distilled water extract of Fenugreek revealed an elevated antimicrobial activity against Bacillus Subtilis and Candida parapsilosis at lower concentration of the crude extract.The results obtained in the present study suggest that the methanol extract of Trigonella foenum L revealed a significant scope to develop a novel broad spectrum of antibacterial herbal formation. In the phytochemical analysis, there is absence of anthraquinones by extracting with distilled water and glycosides by methanol.

Euphorbia telanganensis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species is described and illustrated from dry deciduous forest of Amrabad Tiger Reserve, the Eastern Ghats of Telangana state. The present new species is similar to Euphorbia jodhpurensis but differs in obovate or elliptic-obovate or ovate-elliptic, abaxillay pubescent leaves, 1.5–2.2 mm long peduncle, turbinate involucre, ellipsoid glands, unequal gland limbs, shallowly undulate posterior limbs, capsules deeply keeled, and trigonous.

Objectives: Fluoride pollution at the workplace environment arises mostly due to anthropogenic activities. The workers working in phosphate fertilizer industry might have chronic exposure to excessive fluoride which can cause adverse health effects. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess urinary fluoride levels in occupationally exposed workers. Methods: In this study, pre and post-shift urinary samples were collected from phosphate fertilizer industry male workers (n=53). Fluoride levels in urine samples were analysed using an Ion Selective Electrode (ISE). Findings: The mean concentration of pre-shift and post-shift urinary fluoride levels were 2.14±1.35 and 2.42±2.02 mg/g of urinary creatinine respectively. Workers' pre-shift mean urine fluoride levels were categorised according to their working departments. Workers from the manufacture plat of Single Super Phosphate (SSP), Granular Single Super Phosphate (GSSP), maintenance, and administration had fluoride levels of 2.87±1.88, 2.43±1.01, 2.16±1.30, and 0.92±0.601 mg/g of urine creatinine, respectively. Similarly, the post-shift urinary fluoride levels were 3.68±3.00, 2.64±1.85, 2.24±1.78 and 1.14±0.53 mg/g of urinary creatinine in these departments respectively. One-way analysis of variance shown significant difference in urine fluoride concentrations between pre-shift (ANOVA, df=3, F=4.717; p=0.006) and post-shift samples (ANOVA, df=3, F=2.895; p=0.044). About 22.64 % of subjects in the pre-shift and 3.77% of subjects in the post-shift had exceeded the urinary fluoride limits prescribed by various statutory agencies. Novelty: Based on pre-shift and post-shift work exposure assessments, this study adds new knowledge to scientific research on the fluoride exposure among phosphate fertiliser sector workers. While there is sporadic information on fluoride levels among various other occupational groups, very few reports reported the fluoride levels in fertilizer industry https://www.indjst.org/

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