Background: To study occurrence, age and sex distribution, to evaluate and to correlate the various histopathological features of surgical specimens of gastrointestinal tract tumours received at pathology department of GMERS medical college, Gandhinagar (Gujarat, India).Methods: A histopathological study of gastrointestinal tract tumours of 64 cases was carried out on surgical specimens at GMERS medical college, Gandhinagar from January-2018 to May-2019. Specimens were received in 10% formalin.After proper fixation and grossing of the specimens tissue processing was carried out. Blocks were made, sections were cut and stained with Harris Haematoxylin and Eosin stain and observed microscopically.Result: From the total of 64 cases: 42 Males and 22 Females wereaffected with peak occurrence in their sixth decade having anatomical distribution in oesophagus 07(10.93%), stomach 09(14.06%), small intestine 12(18.75%), appendix 01(01.56%), colon and rectum 34(53.12%) and anal canal 01(01.56%). Histological types diagnosed were-epithelial 53(82.81%), mesenchymal 06(09.30%), lymphoma 04(06.27%) and neuroendocrine tumor 01(01.56%). Conclusion:The occurrence of gastrointestinal tumours was highest in the colon and rectum accounting for 53.12% of cases with most common variety being epithelial. The peak age distribution was in the sixth decade. Male to female ratio was 1.9:1. As Gastrointestinal tumours show a wide variation in the morphology, histopathological examination is must for the diagnosis and typing of these tumours.
Background:Cytology of the endometrium is an underused technique in diagnostic pathology. It has been used in the past for endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. Only few studies have used cytology in the diagnosis of dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB). Endometrial imprint cytology has been rarely used except for application of immunocytochemistry in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.Aim:The present study was conducted to evaluate whether it is possible to assign histopathology-like diagnosis by imprint cytology and also to evaluate its usefulness in the assessment of patients of dysfunctional uterine bleeding of low clinical suspicion.Materials and Methods:Imprint smears were made from 93 curettage materials during a study of DUB. Blinded analysis of imprint smears was performed by using McKenzie's criteria and some criteria devised for the requirements of this study. Results of cytology were correlated with histopathology. Statistical analysis was carried out by GraphpadInStat Demo.Results:Majority of the patterns classifiable in histopathology could also be classified in this study on imprint cytology. The overall sensitivity and specificity of cytology in the detection of endometrial patterns in DUB patients were 91.23% and 83.87%, respectively, although the sensitivities and specificities differ according to the phase of endometrium.Conclusion:Histopathology-like categories can be assigned on imprint smears in the diagnosis of DUB. Endometrial imprint cytology can be helpful in centers where histopathology laboratories are not available and even in well-established institutes. It is possible to improve the sensitivity and specificity with better imprinting techniques.
The ANC were counted by multiplying total of mature neutrophil and band neutrophil percentage with total leukocyte count/cmm. The ANC was considered high when ABSTRACT Background: The most important causes of mortality in infants are sepsis, prematurity, low birth weight, birth trauma and neonatal asphyxia. Absolute neutrophil count is faster, easier, cheaper and simpler laboratory parameter to be used for prediction of early onset sepsis. This study is aimed to measure the influence of change in the absolute neutrophil count on babies born to mothers having risk factors for infection.Methods: Design of the study was cohort prospective model. Total 123 patients were included in the study after considering appropriate inclusion criteria. The patients were divided into 3groups: ANC(Absolute neutrophil count)< 1800/cmm, ANC 1800-5399/cmm and ANC > 5400/cmm. Results were analysed by GraphpadInstat Demo.Results: New born to mothers having risk factors for sepsis with high ANC (>5400/cmm) and normal ANC (1800-5399/cmm) shows a significant difference with p=0.000 (p<0.05); Odds ratio 9.35, sensitivity 82.8%, specificity65.9%, positive predictive value79.4% and negative predictive value 70.7%.Conclusion: Incidence of early onset sepsis is 9.35 times higher in new borns born to mothers with risk factors for sepsis having higher ANC (particularly >10000/cmm) than those having ANC level within normal limits.
Background: Global burden of pediatric mortality during the very first month of life is around four million per year. In developing country like India, neonatal mortality is as high as one fourth (25%) of the global burden means around one million per year. Among the various common causes, infection or sepsis alone contributes for almost 30-40% of total neonatal deaths. The study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a diagnostic tool in neonatal sepsis. Materials and Methods:This is a cohort prospective study. Study included total 123 patients considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were taken from all the patients for blood culture and CRP measurements. Results of blood culture and CRP were recorded and statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad Instat Demo. Results:Out of 123 patients included in the study blood culture was positive in 71 (57.72%) patients and CRP was raised in 72 (58.54%) patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for CRP were found to be 98.59%, 96.15%, 97.23% and 98.04% respectively.Conclusion: C-reactive protein has high sensitivity and specificity with good positive predictive value and negative predictive value for establishing diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and results with CRP are comparable to those with blood culture.
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