In view of the wider consumption of bakery products, they could be good choice for the delivery of functionality. The present study attempts to develop a functional formulation of bread by incorporation of shatavari (Asparagus racemosus Willd.), which is an important medicinal plant of India. Central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used for experiments in which yeast and shatavari powder were taken as variables. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the bread formulations on the basis of hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, chewiness and cohesiveness as responses. Qualitative tests were performed for assessing the presence of phytochemicals in shatavari bread. Sensory attributes of the shatavari bread were evaluated using descriptive analysis technique. The optimum acceptable level for shatavari and yeast in bread was found to be 3.5 % and 4.96 %, respectively. All the phytochemicals such as alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and saponin present in original herbs were also present in bread. However flavonoids were not found in the bread when analysed qualitatively and using TLC.

PurposeTo study temporal pattern of serum liver enzymes levels in newborns with hepatic injury associated with birth asphyxia (BA).MethodsSingleton term newborns with BA and ≤72 hours of age admitted to neonatal intensive care unit were prospectively enrolled. Term newborns with physiological jaundice and without BA were studied as controls. Serum liver enzymes were measured at <24 hours, 24-72 hours, and at 6-12 days of age for cases and at 1-6 days of age for controls. BA was defined by 1 minute Apgar score <7 or delayed or absent cry with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. BA-associated liver injury was defined as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation beyond +2 standard deviation (ALT > +2 SD) above the mean of control subjects at any of the three time points.ResultsSixty controls and 62 cases were enrolled. Thirty-five cases (56%) developed BA-associated liver injury (ALT>81 IU/L). They had higher serum levels of ALT, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase than the control infants, with peak at 24-72 hours. In controls, serum liver enzyme levels were significantly higher in appropriate-for-date (AFD) babies than small-for-date (SFD) babies. Serum enzyme pattern and extent of elevation were comparable between SFD and AFD babies. Degree of serum liver enzyme elevation had no relationship with severity of hypoxic encephalopathy.ConclusionSerum liver enzyme elevation is common in BA; it peaks at 24-72 hours followed by a sharp decline by 6-12 days of age. Pattern and extent of enzyme elevation are comparable between SFD and AFD babies.

The operating and geometric parameters of textures affect the static, dynamic, and stability performance characteristics of a journal-bearing system. The present work investigates the influence of spherical-, cylindrical-, triangular-, and kite-shaped textures on the performance parameters of a journal-bearing system. The flow of a lubricant is assumed to be Newtonian and iso-viscous. Reynold's equation governing the flow of a lubricant between the space in the bearing and the journal is solved by a finite-element method. The computed results indicate that the spherically textured journal bearing provides better improvement in the performance parameters vis-a-vis other textured bearings. In general, the effect of texture shapes is more pronounced at the aspect ratio of surface textures is 1.0.

This paper concerns with theoretical investigation to predict the influence of cylindrical textures on the static and dynamic performance characteristics of hydrodynamic journal bearing system and the performance is compared with smooth surface bearing. The Reynolds equation governing the fluid–film between the journal and the bearing surface is solved numerically with the assistance of finite element method and the performance characteristics are evaluated as a function of eccentricity ratio, dimple depth and its location. In this study, four journal bearing configurations viz: smooth (non-textured), full-textured, partially textured-I, and partially textured-II are considered for the evaluation of theoretical results. The simulated results indicate that the influence of surface textures is more significant when the textures were created in upstream zone of 126°–286° and dimple aspect ratio nearly 1.0.

No abstract

In the present work, theoretical investigation has been performed to predict the influence of spherical textures on the performance characteristics of two-lobe journal bearing system. The flow of lubricant in the clearance space between the bearing and the journal is governed by the Reynolds equation assuming the flow is Newtonian and isoviscous. The Reynolds equation is solved using a finite element method and the static performance parameters of circular/two-lobe smooth/textured journal bearing system have been computed with variation in eccentricity ratio, dimple depth and its location. The numerically simulated results reveal that the partial surface texturing can provide better performance when the textures are created in the pressure build-up region of 126°–286° and the dimple aspect ratio is nearly 1.0.

To select prospective genotype variants for future breeding programs, research is currently being done to evaluate the degree of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic progress among various tomato varieties using morphological features. Experimental material comprising thirty-seven species of tomato genotype was raised in the three-replication using Randomized Block Design during the Rabi 2020-21 season and data were recorded in morphological and quality aspects. On the basis of mean performance of weight of fruits per plant, genotype superior to check genotype are 7053, 8105, 8202, 8623, 8730 as compared to the best checks 8716 and 9426. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in Randomized Block Design experiments revealed significant for all morphological characters. The result showed higher phenotypic coefficients of variation of all characters compared to genotypic coefficients of variation. High Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation as recorded by fruit number per plant (38.07) followed by fruit weight per plant (33.49) and days to flowering (28.09) while high Genotypic Coefficient of Variation was identified by fruit number per plant (37.60) and followed by fruit weight per plant (32.94) and flowering days (27.52). All the characters showed high divergence. The number of fruits per plant showed high genetic advance (53.66) followed by maturity days (23.27) and plant height (20.73). The study provided an opportunity to identify genotypes and appropriate parameters like number of fruits per plant, days to plant height to be used in future breeding programs.

Surface texturing can improve the performance of journal bearing system. The present study theoretically investigates the impact of surface textures on the dynamic stability and performance parameters of two-lobe journal bearing system. Galerkin's finite element method is used to solve the Reynolds equation governing the flow of lubricant in the gap between the bearing and the journal. Reynolds boundary conditions are applied in the simulation study of plain, full-textured, partially textured-I and partially textured-II configurations of two-lobe journal bearing. The dynamic stability and performance parameters of textured two-lobe journal bearings are computed with the variation of eccentricity ratio and dimple depth and compared with circular bearing results. The results indicate that the existence of surface textures in the pressure build-up zone ranging from 126°–286° and at unity dimple aspect ratio can significantly improve the dynamic stability and performance parameters of two-lobe bearing system.