From the early 1990s through the 2008 “Russo-Georgian war,” waves of armed conflicts in the Abkhazia and South Ossetia/Tskhinvali regions of Georgia forced thousands of residents, mainly ethnic Georgians, to leave their homes. More than two decades of protracted internal displacement, marked by tough economic and social problems, led this vulnerable community to a common trap in reckoning with the past: an overwhelming sense of the fundamental ruptures between the idealized past and current, miserable reality. Failures of the displacement policy and “side effects” of numerous humanitarian aid projects hinder internally displaced persons’ social integration and leave them on the margins of Georgian society with almost a singular option: to constantly recall meaningful life in the lost homeland, which they remember as free of ethnic phobias and economic problems. In this article, we suggest that for persons who are internally displaced, memories are defined not only by their past lived experiences and present hardships, but also by the official historical narratives that argue that Georgian-Abkhazian and Georgian-Ossetian “endemic” unity and cohabitation was destroyed by Russian imperial politics. Living in constant pain also narrows the future expectations of the internally displaced persons. However, it is the past and the memories that are supposed to be useful in achieving the utopian dream of a return.
The present research concerns the possibility of adsorptive removal of the frequently used antibiotics – moxifloxacin and norfloxacin on natural zeolites – mordenite and its acid-modified form from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of the above-mentioned antibiotics on the selected natural zeolite samples was investigated under static and dynamic conditions. Adsorption experiment under dynamic conditions carried out using the specially constructed dynamic type of laboratory equipment. Based on the data of chemical, IR spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction analyses, it has shown that when the zeolite adsorbent is treated with an acid, an equivalent exchange of extra framework cations for a hydrogen ion and dealumination occurs and silanol groups are formed at the same time. The increase in the adsorption activity of mordenite as a result of its treatment with acid is associated with an increase in the pore size due to the unblocking of the adsorbent aluminosilicate framework channels during dealumination.
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