An interconnected series of the blood management is called blood supply chain management (BSCM). The stages of BSCM consisted of blood collecting, production, inventory, and distribution. The main challenges in BSCM are related to shortage, outdate, and supply chain cost which needed to minimize. Naturally, problems in BSCM are complex, it is not an easy task to find the solution. This complexity brought by several factors as follows: its inflicted risk, the uncertainty of supply and demand, blood nature as perishable commodity, demand uniqueness, and cost occurred. This research purposes was to review of various research related to BSCM and highlight opportunities to develop further research in blood supply chain (BSC). The result of this research is a suggestion on various possible future research to be explored in BSC, for example, developing an adaptive inventory model to support blood supply chain management that could be responsive toward demand fluctuation and developing collecting strategy to minimize shortage, outdate and incurred cost in supply chain level.
Purpose
In recent years, halal food industries are facing a high level of competition. The growing demand for halal food means firms are working hard to improve quality and reduce halal food defects. The purpose of this study is to propose a halal-based six sigma (SS) framework that could be used to reduce halal food defects and improve compliance.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed halal six sigma (HSS) framework has five phases based on the define-measure-analyse-improve-control (DMAIC) approach. The proposed framework also integrates halal assurance system requirements into HSS to ensure compliance. Tools used in the proposed model include SIPOC tools, Pareto diagram, root cause analysis and the improvement process flows. A case study in a chicken meat company is used to test and validate the proposed framework. In case of study research, brainstorming was used to review an initial proposed framework and focus group discussions were used to determine feasible improvement actions.
Findings
The results showed that the proposed HSS framework could be effective to detect and reduce the halal defects and lower the halal defect costs. By adopting the framework, the case firm was able to lower halal defect costs significantly and increase the SS level.
Practical implications
SS approach can be designed and adapted to specific food industry. HSS framework could provide a systematic approach to reduce halal food defects and sustain the improvement efforts. The proposed HSS framework is also easy to use to understand halal critical points and improve halal compliance.
Originality/value
This study proposed a HSS framework that can be adopted to reduce halal food defects and costs. This proposed framework will benefit the halal food industry intending to realize zero halal food defects and lower production costs. The limited number of publications in the research theme of halal food defects show that there is a significant gap in the existing body of knowledge.
Maintaining a long-term partnership with a supplier is considered an effective strategy to achieve collaboration success in supply chain management (SCM). However, individual companies find that this approach does not always improve business performance. In this paper, an agent-based model (ABM) is developed to investigate the effect of duration of collaboration on supply chains from a market perspective. The model represents two-stage supply chains of an innovative product market, involving suppliers and manufacturers. The model outputs are measured by the rate of demand fulfilment and the number of supply chains which can survive in the market. The results show that duration of collaboration has no significant impact on both demand fulfilment and survivability of supply chains. This finding contradicts the common belief held in the literature about the benefits of longterm collaboration, but it corroborates examples encountered in practice. This study provides new insights to the practice of supply chain collaboration by taking a market perspective. The results show that a longer duration of collaboration does not provide a significant improvement to the supply chain's competitiveness from a market point of view, in terms of demand fulfilment and supply chain's ability to survive over the long-term. The implications of this finding to practice are discussed in the paper.
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