Sharp decline in the world trade occurred again, after in 2018 it had increased, not least in the countries of free trade areas. This empirical study aims to map and compare the factors that influence export and import performance in the regions of Southeast Asia (AFTA), Europe (EEA), and Latin America (LAIA) before the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The data has been collected from various sources of both official and private institutions for the time period of 2011-2019. Multiple regression analysis of panel data is used to provide greater and more informative observations and reduce the collinearity of the independent variables. The results show that the performance of exports and imports in the three regions in question shows a stagnant trend and is likely to decline in 2019, especially in part of exports performance. In all the regions in question, export performance is influenced by strengthening or weakening of the real effective exchange rate (REER) and the number of manufactured products, while import performance is more influenced by GDP per capita and REER too. Several other independent factors were also studied, but they did
Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) are one form of economic development in rural areas that the government is currently intensively undertaking. One of the rural areas that already has its own BUMDes in Bogor Regency is Tonjong Village. The purpose of this Community Service is to empower community in Tonjong Village in the field of financial reporting by utilizing the financial application, namely Sistem Informasi Aplikasi Akuntansi Pencatatan Informasi Keuangan (SIAPIK). The benefits obtained from the implementation of this community empowerment are encouraging the maximization of the business units of the Tonjong Village community, especially BUMDes Kurnia Abadi through good financial reporting so that their business can operate in accordance with BUMDes values, namely Tariffs (Transparency, Accountability, Responsibility, Independence, and Fairness). The method used to empower residents of Bogor Regency, especially those affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, is to prepare learning materials in the form of manual books and video tutorials on how to use the SIAPIK through simulation of company financial transactions that are similar like real conditions. Furthermore, in the learning process, several learning methods are used, including the distribution of manual books, demonstrations through video tutorials, and discussions via short messages.
A successful business must pay attention not only to how to improve the welfare of shareholders, but also the welfare of all stakeholders. This study aims to see the effect of disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on corporate financial performance. Financial performance is measured using three indicators, which are return on Equity (ROE), total stock return and Tobin’s Q. ROE represents company’s profitability, total stock return reflects company’s performance in the market and tobin’s Q shows firm value. CSR is measured using the Corporate Social Disclosure Index (CSRDI) which is based on the ISO 26000 standard. By using two controlling variables, company size and leverage, the results show that there is a negative and insignificant effect between CSR and ROE ratio. Although CSR practice together with control variables also has no effect on total stock returns, but there is a significant positive effect between CSR disclosures and firm value. These results can motivate company’s managers to include CSR as a management strategy to increase firm value by paying serious attention to stakeholders and sustainability issues.
Every businesses are looking for high return. The cost of equity is important to determine the return on investment. This research aims to examine the relationship between disclosure and political connection towards cost of equity. Cost of equity in this research is using Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) approach. The sample used is from manufacture companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014-2017. The regression analysis results indicate that disclosure has negative relationship toward cost of equity. Likewise, the political connection has negative relationship toward cost of equity. Moreover, the size also has negative relationship toward the cost of equity in the companies.
Construction Company PT XYZ's actual situation based on an internal audit report shows some unusual transactions related to the cash disbursement cycle. This indicates that the company needs an adequate internal control system to provide assurance in cash disbursement transactions so that reports on cash disbursements can be fairly presented. Furthermore, if internal control is properly designed and implemented, it can prevent and detect fraud that might harm the company. This research evaluates and proposes improvement of internal control over PT XYZ's cash disbursement cycle by using principles of the COSO framework 2013. This descriptive qualitative research is a case study observing the object of research and interviewing PT XYZ's senior personnel. Results show that some weaknesses remain in internal control over the company's cash disbursement cycle. In addition, this research also conducts self-control assessment and fraud analysis to determine appropriate and effective internal control in the cash disbursement cycle. Keywords-fraud, internal control system, cash disbursement I. D. Research Contribution (1) This research is important because it provides benefits to PT XYZ stakeholders through suggestions regarding improvement of the internal control system of the cash disbursement cycle based on the COSO internal control framework.
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