Dream come true: A new monooxygenase catalyst shows excellent activity for the hydroxylation of halogenated benzenes, anisole, and toluene with almost complete ortho regioselectivity (see scheme; R=F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, OCH3). The substrates were hydroxylated at room temperature in water without cosolvent using molecular oxygen as oxidant.
Die Autoren danken der EU für finanzielle Fçrderung im Rahmen des 7 th Framework Project OXYGREEN (FP7-KBBE; Project Reference: 212281). Hintergrundinformationen zu diesem Beitrag (Protokoll zur semipräparativen Herstellung der o-Phenole, GC-FID-Chromatogramme und GC-MS Daten für alle erzeugten Produkte) sind im WWW unter http://dx.
A high throughput whole cell flow cytometer screening toolbox was developed and validated by identifying improved variants (1.3-7-fold) for three hydrolases (esterase, lipase, cellulase). The screening principle is based on coupled enzymatic reaction using glucose derivatives which yield upon hydrolysis a fluorescent-hydrogel-layer on the surface of E. coli cells.
Esterases hydrolyze ester bonds with an often high stereoselectivity as well as regioselectivity and are therefore industrially employed in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, in food processing, and in laundry detergents. Continuous screening systems based on p-nitrophenyl- (e.g., p-nitrophenyl acetate) or umbelliferyl-esters are commonly used in directed esterase evolution campaigns. Ongoing challenges in directed esterase evolution are screening formats which offer a broad substrate spectrum, especially for complex aromatic substrates. In this report, a novel continuous high throughput screening system for indirect monitoring of esterolytic activity was developed and validated by detection of phenols employing phenyl benzoate as substrate and p-nitrobenzyl esterase (pNBEBL from Bacillus licheniformis) as catalyst. The released phenol directly reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine yielding the red compound 1,5-dimethyl-4-(4-oxo-cyclohexa-2,5-dienylidenamino)-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one. In this continuous B. licheniformis esterase activity detection system (cBLE-4AAP), the product formation is followed through an increase in absorbance at 509 nm. The cBLE-4AAP screening system was optimized in 96-well microtiter plate format in respect to standard deviation (5 %), linear detection range (15 to 250 μM), lower detection limit (15 μM), and pH (7.4 to 10.4). The cBLE-4AAP screening system was validated by screening a random epPCR pNBEBL mutagenesis library (2000 clones) for improved esterase activity at elevated temperatures. Finally, the variant T3 (Ser378Pro) was identified which nearly retains its specific activity at room temperature (WT 1036 U/mg and T3 929 U/mg) and shows compared to WT a 4.7-fold improved residual activity after thermal treatment (30 min incubation at 69.4 °C; WT 170 U/mg to T3 804 U/mg).
Correction for 'A flow cytometer-based whole cell screening toolbox for directed hydrolase evolution through fluorescent hydrogels' by Nina Lülsdorf et al., Chem. Commun., 2015, 51, 8679-8682.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.