The study was carried out to determine radioactivity concentrations in surface soil samples of the city of Edirne in connection with the potential radiological hazards due to Chernobyl event. The natural radionuclide ((226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K) contents were determined for nine different locations in nine different towns of the Edirne city. Radiation levels were measured. Natural beta-ray activity was also determined for the same locations. The average estimated activity values were determined and compared with reported values for other cities in Turkey and also for many countries of the world. The studied areas do not pose radiological risks to the inhabitants due to harmful effects of the ionizing radiation from the natural radioactivity of the soil.

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Abstract:In this study, micro and nanometers-sized powders of Al2O3 and Al2O3.TiO2 were prepared using a hydraulic cold press and their gamma-radiation shielding properties were assessed at photon energies of 661.7, 1173.2 and 1332.5 keV. A sample counting process was implemented using a gamma-ray spectrometer with a 3×3 NaI (Tl) detector and 13384-channel multichannel analyser. The results we obtained indicated that the gamma-shielding properties of the materials increased with TiO2 addition and also, the particle size found to be an important effect on the properties. The results were compared with each other and also compared with the results of similar studies reported in literature. Al2O3 ve Al2O3.TiO2 Bileşiklerinin Gama Zayıflama Katsayıları Üzerine Bir ÇalışmaAnahtar kelimeler Gama ışını zayıflaması katsayıları, Al2O3, Al2O3.TiO2, NaI (Tl) detektor Özet: Bu çalışmada parçacık boyutları mikrometre ve nanometre düzeyinde olan toz halindeki Al2O3 ve Al2O3.TiO2 bileşikleri, soğuk hidrolik pres metodu kullanılarak deneye hazırlandı ve 661.7, 1173.2 ve 1332.5 keV foton enerjileri dikkate alınarak gama-radyasyonuna karşı zırhlama özellikleri incelendi. Örnekler için sayım işlemi 3×3 NaI (Tl) dedektörü ve 13384-kanalı olan çok kanallı gamaradyasyonu spektrometresi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen sonuçlardan, malzemelere TiO2 katkısının, malzemelerin gama zırhlama özelliklerini arttırmakta olduğu ve bu bulguya ilaveten malzemelerin parçacık boyutlarının da zırhlama özelliklerini etkilemekte olduğu anlaşıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlar kendi aralarında ve de literatürdeki mevcut benzer çalışmaların sonuçları ile kıyaslandı.

Abstract:The total linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half-value and tenth-value thickness of marble samples from Kırklareli Province have been investigated using different gamma ray energies. Three different gamma ray energies one at 661.7 keV from Cs-137 and others at 1173.2 and at 1332.5 keV from Co-60 have been used. The measurements were carried out using a gamma spectrometer containing a NaI(Tl) sintilation detector. Comparison between the results from measurements and from computer code of XCOM has also been performed with the results available in literature. The measurement results obtained from marble disks and tablets of limestone powder were also matched. Kırklareli Mermerinin Gama Radyasyonu Zayıflatma Katsayılarının Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi Anahtar KelimelerKırklareli mermeri, Gama radyasyonu, Toplam lineer zayıflatma katsayısı, NaI(Tl)Özet: Kırklareli İli mermer örneği için toplam lineer zayıflatma ve kütle zayıflatma katsayıları, yarı-değer ve onda bir-değer kalınlıkları, farklı gama enerjileri kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Üç faklı gama enerjisi; biri Cs-137 radyoizotopudan 661.7 keV, diğer ikisi Co-60 radyoizotopudan 1173.2 keV ve 1332.5 keV, olmak üzere kullanılmıştır. Ölçümler gama sintilasyon detektörü NaI(Tl) kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Ölçümlerden ve XCOM bilgisayar kodundan elde edilen sonuçlar mukayese edilip, literatür ile de karşılaştırılmıştır. Mermer disklerin ölçümü ile elde edilen sonuçlar, kireç tozu tabletlerinin ölçümünden elde edilen sonuçlar ile de mukayese edildi.

In this contribution, we show that the product dissociation energy (D)  interatomic distance (R) with regards to a straightforward taxonomy of diatomic molecules comes to assume a relatively high and virtually constant value; it is so much so that the heavier the diatomic molecules at hand, the closer DxR approaches e 2 (where e is the elementary charge in esu). This occurrence is studied herein separately under families arranged from chemically-alike diatomic molecules. Each family (such as the set made of "pairs of strictly alkali atoms" or "pairs of strictly halogen atoms" or "pairs of alkali-halogen atoms", etc…) is thus composed of diatomic molecules formed of atoms bearing similar electronic configurations; whereby we initially ended up dealing with 18 families in total. In addition to those, we brought together 10 more families of diatomic molecules each composed of heavy metal atoms belonging respectively to each of the ten columns drawn from the three rows of heavy metals under the Periodic Table, and observed an even better conformance. [Sc 2 , Y 2 , La 2 ] is the first family in question. [Ti 2 , Zr 2 , Hf 2 ] and [Va 2 , No 2 , Ta 2 ] are the next two families. [Zn 2 , Cd 2 , Hg 2 ] delineates the last family of heavy metal diatomic molecules of concern. Let us stress that each of these sets embodies diatomic molecules made of heavy metal atoms belonging to the given column of the Periodic Table ; thusly bearing alike electronic configurations. We further coined 5 more faimilies made of heavy metal hydrides, oxides, chlorides, and alkalines. We were motivated to undertake the present research in the light of our insight with regards to i) the general non-opacity character of neutral bodies vis-à-vis electrical field transmission, and thusly ii) the attractional electric property of neutral bodies -which underlines the disclosed constancy where, particularly for diatomic molecules comprising heavy atoms, the increase in DxR happens to get aligned with the increase in atomic weight 1(A 1 ) x atomic weight 2 (A 2 ).