BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the risk for mental health disorders between smokers and non-smokers and to assess the risk for depression and anxiety according to addiction severity.MethodsThis cross-sectional study assesses the mental health status and relationship with the severity of nicotine addiction in a sample of smokers admitted to Pamukkale University Hospital Smoking Cessation Clinic (n = 101) from 1 June 2012 to 31 August 2012 compared to a group of non-smokers from the general population (n = 101). We conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews to collect sociodemographic data; we assessed the participants’ mental health status with the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and we measured nicotine addiction severity with the Fagerström Test.ResultsThe risk for mental illness reported by smokers based on the GHQ-12 was significantly higher than that for non-smokers (p = 0.001). The anxiety and depression scores according to HADS were higher among smokers (16.8% and 22.8%, respectively) than non-smokers (4.0% and 5.0%, respectively) (p = 0.006 and p = 0.001, respectively). The nicotine addiction severity was higher in smokers with higher anxiety and depression scores (p = 0.008).ConclusionsWe found high scores for mental illness in treatment-seeking smokers compared with non-smokers. The risk for anxiety and depression was higher among smokers. Increased nicotine addiction severity was associated with increased risk for mental illness and increased scores of anxiety and depression.

ÖzetAmaç: Meme kanseri Türkiye'de ve Dünya'da kadınlarda en sık tanı alan kanser türünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Tıp Fakültesinde okuyan öğrencilerin meme kanseri ve kendi kendine meme muayenesi hakkında bilgi ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmaya, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencileri dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilere sosyo-demografik özellikleri içeren ve meme kanseri ve KKMM ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumdan oluşan 17 soruluk anket formu yüz yüze uygulandı. Veriler SPSS 22.0 (Statistical Package For Social Sciences) paket programıyla analiz edildi. Bulgular: Araştırmamıza 273 öğrenci katıldı. Yaş ortalaması 21±1,8 olup, %59,7'sini kız öğrenciler oluşturmaktaydı. Öğrencilerin %10,6'sının ailesinde meme kanseri öyküsü mevcuttu. Öğrencilerin %69,6'sı (n:190) kendi kendine meme muayenesi yapmayı bildiği ve %42,9'unun kendi kendine meme muayenesi yaptığı tespit edildi. Meme kanserine neden olan en önemli risk faktörleri sorgulandığında; en sık verilen cevaplar: ailede meme kanseri öyküsünün olması (%87,9), radyasyona maruziyet (%86,8) ve yaşın artması (%85,7) idi. Meme kanseri belirtileri sorgulandığında ise en sık verilen cevaplar; aksillada lenfadenopati varlığı (%79,1) ve memede kitle olması (%75,8) idi. Sonuç: Kadınlarda meme kanseri erken tanısına yönelik tarama bilincinin arttırılması ve bu taramaların düzenli yapılması için, sağlık çalışanları ve adaylarına yönelik eğitim programlarının yapılandırılması ve uygulanması gerekmektedir.

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Introduction: It has been noted that post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms could be common in physicians who have experienced a traumatic event. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and contributing risk factors among resident doctors working in a tertiary care hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey from May to July 2020. Sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to the coronavirus, application of personal hygiene rules, presence and use of personal protective equipment, anxiety and prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder were investigated. Results: In total, 17.8% (n = 40) of 225 resident doctors who participated in the study had post-traumatic stress disorder. Working at a department serving to COVID-19 patients increased the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder by 2.9 times (OR = 2.936, p = 0.003) while contacting positive patients increased this risk by 2.6 times (OR = 2.607, p = 0.023) and lack of personal protective equipment by 3.6 times (OR = 3.656, p = 0.018). Anxiety scores were statistically significantly higher in women, married and those living with their parents or spouses and children (p = 0.049; p = 0.011; p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusions: Working in a department serving to COVID-19 patients, contact with positive patients and lack of personal protective equipment were risk factors in the emergence of post-traumatic stress disorder in resident doctors. Anxiety was also found to be greater in women, married and those living with their families.

Background Waterpipe smoking and Internet addiction may result in a new public health problem globally. This study aimed to explore waterpipe use among a large group of adolescents and its association with Internet use, mental health, primarily depression and their demographic characteristics. Methods Using a stratified random sampling method, 2054 tertiary school students aged 14‐18 years were recruited in 2019. Demographical information and use of tobacco products (eg, waterpipe) were explored and compared with severity of Internet addiction and mental status. Results A total of 288 (14.0%) adolescents had ever used waterpipe. Multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that being male (OR = 2.55 and 95% CI = 1.98‐3.30; P = .0001), being depressed (OR = 1.62 and 95% CI = 1.24‐2.11) and excessive Internet use (OR = 1.94 and 95% CI = 1.50‐2.52; P = .0001) were significantly associated with waterpipe use. Family income and parents’ educational status showed no relationship with waterpipe smoking. Conclusions We suggest that adolescents who are depressed and who use the Internet excessively are at an increased risk for waterpipe use, independent of income and parenteral education.