Introduction: Many studies have shown the positive effect of laser radiation and application of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretion in stimulating bone regeneration. The aim of this study was determining effects of MSC conditioned media (CM) and low-level laser (LLL) on healing bone defects in the hypothyroid male rat. Methods: We assigned 30 male Wistar rats randomly to 3 groups: control, hypothyroidism, CM+LLL. Four weeks after surgery, the right tibia was removed. Biomechanical examination and histological examinations were performed immediately. Results: Our results showed significant increase in bending stiffness (116.09±18.49), maximum force (65.41±8.16), stress high load (23.30±7.14), energy absorption (34.57±4.10), trabecular bone volume (1.34±0.38) and the number of osteocyte, osteoblast, and osteoclast (12.77±0.54, 6.19±0.80, 1.12±0.16 respectively) in osteotomy site in the LLL+CM group compared to the hypothyroidism group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that using the LLL + CM may improve fracture regeneration and it may hasten bone healing in the hypothyroid rat.
The present study takes on an innovative experiment involving detection of ultraweak photon emission (UPE) from the hippocampus of male rat brains and finds significant correlations between Alzheimer's disease (AD), memory decline, oxidative stress, and the intensity of UPE emitted spontaneously from the hippocampus. These remarkable findings opens up novel methods for screening, detecting, diagnosing and classifying neurodegenerative diseases (and associated sydromes), such as in AD. This also paves the way towards novel advanced brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) photonic chip for the detection of UPE from brain's neural tissue. The envisaged BCI photonic chip (BCIPC) would be minimally invasive, cheap, high-speed, scalable, would provide high spatiotemporal resolution of brain's activity and would provide short- and long-term screening of clinical patho-neurophysiological signatures, which could be monitored by a smart wristwatch or smartphone via a wireless connection.
Impaired insulin and growth factor functions are thought to drive many of the alterations observed in neurodegenerative disease and seem to contribute to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Recent studies revealed that nasal growth factor therapy could induce neuroprotection in brain damage induction models for rodents. In the present study. Growth factor-rich serum (GFRS) is a serum separated from activated platelets used intranasally with the cotreatment of insulin to examine the effects of intranasal treatments on memory and behavioral defects induced by icv-STZ rat model and the correlation of hippocampus oxidative state with memory and behavior scores analyzed. We found that icv-STZ injection (3 mg/kg bilaterally) impairs spatial learning and memory in Morris Water Maze (MWM), leads to anxiogenic-like behavior in the open field arena, and induces oxidative stress in the hippocampus. GFRS (1µl/kg, each other day, 9 doses) and regular insulin (4 U/40 µl, daily, 18 doses) treatments improved learning and memory and induced anxiolysis. The present study showed that cotreatment (GFRS + insulin with respective dose) has stronger protection against hippocampus oxidative stress in comparison with a single therapy. Memory and behavioral improvements with insulin and GFRS could be attributed to the oxidative stress reduction in the hippocampus as shown by significant correlation between hippocampus oxidative-nitrosative stress and memory/behavior scores.
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