Aberrant activation of the HGF/c-Met signalling pathway is reported to be associated with cell proliferation, progression, and metastasis features of several tumor types, including cervical cancer, suggesting that it may be of potential value as a novel therapeutic target. Furthermore, HPV-positive patients had a higher serum level of HGF or c-Met protein, compared with HPV-negative patients. c-Met or HGF overexpression in lesions of cervical cancer is reported to be related to a poorer prognosis, and hence this may be of value as a prognostic and predictive biomarker. Several approaches have been developed for targeting HGF and/or c-Met. One of these is crizotinib (a dual c-Met/ALK inhibitor). This has been approved by FDA for the treatment of lung-cancer. Further investigations are required to evaluate and optimize the use of c-Met inhibitors in cervical cancer or parallel targeting signalling pathway associated/activated via MET/HGF pathway. The main aim of current review was to give an overview of the potential of the c-Met/HGF pathway as a prognostic, or predictive biomarker in cervical cancer.
Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), it remains a major cause of cancer related death globally. There are currently no chemotherapeutic agents that have been found to eradicate the disease without adverse effects. A defect in the death receptor signaling pathway is a feature of CRC. The ligand of these receptors belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family, and that are particularly expressed by cells of the immune system, and that induce apoptosis in a caspase dependent manner. The fact that malignant cells are particularly sensitive to these ligands, compared to normal cells, has led to work on the assessment of compounds that activate this pathway in the treatment of CRC. Phase I trials have shown that these death receptor agonists are safe. Phase II and III trials are currently investigating the efficacy of these therapeutic agents in the treatment of CRC. In this review, we describe the biochemical death receptor signaling pathway and its relationship to CRC. We also summarize the current clinical studies that are targeting this signaling pathway in CRC treatment.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is among the leading causes of cancer related death. Despite of extensive efforts in identifying valid cancer prognostic biomarkers, only a very small number of markers have been identified. Several genetic variants in the 9p21 region have been identified that are associated with the risk of multiple cancers. Here, we explored the association of two genetic variants in the 9p21 region, CDKN2A/B, rs10811661, and rs1333049 for the first time in 273 subjects with, or without ESCC. We observed that the patients with ESCC had a higher frequency of a TT genotype for rs10811661 than individuals in the control group, and this polymorphism was also associated with tumor size. Moreover, a CC genotype for the rs1333049 polymorphism was associated with a reduced overall survival (OS) of patients with ESCC. In particular, patients with a CC (rs1333049) genotype had a significantly shorter OS (CC genotype: 34.5 ± 8.9 months vs. CG+GG: 47.7 ± 5.9 months; p value = 0.03). We have also shown the association of a novel genetic variant in CDKN2B gene with clinical outcome of patients with ESCC. Further investigations are warranted in a larger population to explore the value of emerging markers as a risk stratification marker in ESCC. K E Y W O R D S CDKN2A/B, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), polymorphism, risk marker J Cell Physiol. 2019;234:5070-5076. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jcp 5070 |
Natural plant phytochemicals are effective against different types of diseases, including cancer. Curcumin, a powerful herbal polyphenol, exerts inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis through interaction with different molecular targets. However, the clinical use of curcumin is limited due to poor solubility in water and metabolism in the liver and intestine. The synergistic effects of curcumin with some phytochemicals such as resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and piperine can improve its clinical efficacy in cancer treatment. The present review specifically focuses on anticancer mechanisms related to the co-administration of curcumin with other phytochemicals, including resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and piperine. According to the molecular evidence, the phytochemical combinations exert synergistic effects on suppressing cell proliferation, reducing cellular invasion, and inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This review also emphasizes the significance of the co-delivery vehicles-based nanoparticles of such bioactive phytochemicals that could improve their bioavailability and reduce their systemic dose. Further highquality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the phytochemical combinations.
Los pueblos de Irán están olvidando sus formas de vida prudente y sostenible. Se están transformando de productores primarios en consumidores masivos. El valor de su patrimonio vernáculo se está descuidando y hay un éxodo rural hacia las ciudades. Las aldeas están quedando abandonadas en beneficio de un desarrollo poco equilibrado. Intentamos contribuir a superar esta situación con el diseño de un procedimiento de trabajo en equipo de abajo hacia arriba al que hemos llamado "Taller de Regeneración". El taller tiene por objeto enmarcar el problema en el contexto de la conservación, la sostenibilidad, la construcción autóctona y la adaptabilidad. También investiga posibles soluciones a través de conferencias, debates y trabajo práctico.
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