In last decade, there has been immense focus on the detection of human activities using wearable sensors for applications such as health-care and fitness. In this paper we focus on agriculture applications and present a wearable sensor shirt, which can be conveniently worn by the farmers for the detection of the agriculture activities like digging, harvesting and bed making. The knowledge of agricultural activities being performed on the farm is important for rendering the advisory services to the remotely located farmers in order to improve their crop yield. We have designed a wearable sensor shirt with acceleration sensors stitched to the wrists and interfaced to the mobile phone through an arduino board. The experimental results depict the detection of various agricultural activities like Manual digging, Harvesting, Bed making and Sowing. A comparative analysis in terms of classification accuracy has been performed by considering different number of sensors and their placement on the farmer's body. 978-1-4799-8439-8/15/$31.00
All relay settings are a compromise. Adaptive relaying accepts that relays which protect power system may need to change their characteristics to suit the prevailing power system conditions.. It allows to make adjustments to various protection functions in order to make them more attuned to prevailing system conditions. The philosophy has wide range applications covering many protective schemes. Here, we consider two terminal transmission line, identify that fault resistance and location can produce erroneous relay function and finally suggest the ways to ensure correct generation of correct signal for relay operation. Retaining the microprocessor base relay framework we show how Artificial Neural Networks can be effectively used to achieve Adaptive Relaying for the particular above mentioned problem. The Modified Multi Layer Perceptron (MMLP) model is used which entertains an additional node at the input layer. This facilitates the desired change in the relay characteristic in accordance with whether the additional node is active or inactive. The inactive node conforms to normal operation whereas activation of this additional node triggers the desired modification in the characteristic. As expected, the simulation result confirm the feasibility of achieving Adaptive Relaying with MMLP.
The paper explores a new technique for improving dynamic range of instrumentation amplifier which is most commonly used signal processing device. The method which improves the dynamic range by blocking undesirable input DC offset voltages without use of conventional RC components [1] is free from the errors produced due to their finite tolerances which erroneously convert a part of common mode AC signal into differential signal resulting in to degradation of CMRR of instrumentation amplifier. The mathematical analysis of the circuit based on this method is given in the paper which shows that the loss of dynamic range due to differential DC voltages at input is reduced only to a small common mode voltage. The relationship is expressed in form of new theorem proposed in the paper named as theorem of dynamic range recovery for instrumentation amplifier. Experimental results are obtained using simulation which shows agreement with derived/expected results. Effect of finite source impedances as well as distortion at low frequencies in conventional R-C coupling is also eliminated. Using this method the improvement in CMRR by a factor of more than 1000 could be obtained as compared to one using conventional R-C coupling circuits with 10% tolerance components.
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