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Desempenho de clones elite de batata para caracteres agronômicos e de qualidade industrialO objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o desempenho de clones elite de batata, em relação a caracteres agronô-micos e de qualidade industrial. Os experimentos foram realizados em Pelotas, RS, Canoinhas, SC, e Londrina, PR. Foi avaliado um conjunto de clones elite, pertencentes ao Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Batata, da Embrapa. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com três repetições para Pelotas e Londrina e quatro para Canoinhas. Foram avaliados os caracteres massa total de tubérculos, massa comercial de tubérculos, número de tubérculos comerciais, percentagem de massa de tubérculos comerciais, massa média de tubérculos comerciais, peso específico, cor de fritura e ciclo vegetativo. A partir dos dados obtidos foram realizadas as análi-ses de variância para cada local e teste de agrupamento de médias para cada caráter. Para identificação de clones apropriados ao mercado 'in natura', em que é fundamental o elevado potencial produtivo e precocidade, os clones mais promissores foram F80-03-06 e CL02-05, quando comparados à cultivar testemunha Ágata. Para o processamento industrial, em que o peso específico, a cor de fritura e o rendimento de tubérculo são caracteres importantes, destacou-se o clone F81-01-06, que apesar de não apresentar os maiores rendimentos totais, apresentou tubérculos grandes, ciclo vegetativo intermediário e boa aptidão para fritura, quando comparando-se ao cultivar testemunha Asterix.Palavras-chave:Solanum tuberosum L., ciclo vegetativo, rendimento, peso específico, cor de palitos fritos. Giovani Olegario da Performance of elite potato clones for agricultural and industrial quality traitsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of elite potato clones for agricultural and processing quality traits. The experiments were carried out in Pelotas, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Canoinhas, State of Santa Cantarina, and Londrina, State of Paraná. A set of elite clones of the Embrapa Potato Breeding Program was evaluated. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with three replications to Pelotas and Londrina, and four to Canoinhas. This experiment evaluated total mass of tubers, commercial mass of tubers, number of commercial tuber, mass percentage of commercial tuber, average mass of commercial tuber, specific gravity, frying color and vegetative cycle. Analysis of variance for each site and mean grouping test of each trait were performed from the data obtained in the experiment. By examining the results from the perspective of identifying the most suitable clones for fresh market, where high yield potential and early maturity are essential, compared to the control cultivar Ágata, the clones that appeared as the most promising were F80-03-06 and CL02-05. For processing, for which the specific weight, frying color, tuber yield are important traits clone F81-01-06 stood out, despite not having the highest yields, it has large tubers, intermediate ve...

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Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) in potato crop planting synergistically increase tuber yield, but there are no studies on this interaction in sidedressing. In two experiments with 'Atlantic' potato combinations of four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) with four K2O rates (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1) were applied in sidedressing in a 4×4 factorial scheme with three replications in a completely randomized design. Adjacent commercial fields were sampled to economic comparisons with experimental results. Significant interaction between N and K sidedressing rates with tuber yields increase also was confirmed and classified as Liebigsynergism. Compared to the isolated N and K applications in sidedressing, joint N and K fertilizations, respectively, increases by 11% and 48% marketable tuber yields in the summer-fall experiment, and 12% and 7% in the spring experiment. Joint N and K applications as sidedressing was more profitable than planting fertilization, mainly at higher N and K rates. The response of specific gravity of 'Atlantic' potato tubers to the N and K sidedressing rates was mediated by interactions between edaphoclimatic conditions and inputs of N and K. The combined application of N and K sidedressing rates increased specific gravity in the summerfall experiment, but had a negative effect in the spring experiment. Therefore, our results provide strong evidence that the fertilization management for potato crop in Brazil can be modified by applying higher amounts of N and K in sidedressing to match nutritional needs of the crop.

Autor para correspondência: Nilceu R. X. de Nazareno RESUMO Transmissão através de tubérculo semente de Spongospora subterranea * Bolsista do CNPq.

The organic production system for potato is usually limited by the occurrence of diseases and nutrient shortage. In these cases, fresh grass mulch and organic fertilization can interact in the foliar late blight infestation and increase the yield and quality of marketable potato tubers, in the organic production system. Aiming to validate this hypothesis, four poultry litter doses (0 Mg ha-1, 10 Mg ha-1, 20 Mg ha-1 and 30 Mg ha-1), which were incorporated into the soil at the pre-planting stage of organic grown potato combined with the presence and absence of fresh mulch (60 Mg ha-1) composed of chopped Elephant grass, were tested. The incorporation of poultry litter into the soil at the pre-planting of potato or the use of fresh grass mulch after the potato hilling inhibits the late blight infestation on leaves, in the organic system. The application of fresh grass mulch after the hilling operation enhances the effect of organic fertilization at the pre-planting of potatoes. The pre-planting application of poultry litter increases the yield and decreases the specific gravities of marketable potato tubers in association with fresh grass mulch. The use of poultry litter at pre-planting and fresh grass mulch improve the sustainable potato cropping in the organic production system.