In recent years, considerable importance is given to the use of agrifood wastes as they contain several groups of substances that are useful for development of functional foods. As muscle foods are prone to lipid and protein oxidation and perishable in nature, the industry is in constant search of synthetic free additives that help in retarding the oxidation process, leading to the development of healthier and shelf stable products. The by-products or residues of pomegranate fruit (seeds, pomace, and peel) are reported to contain bioactive compounds, including phenolic and polyphenolic compounds, dietary fibre, complex polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, etc. Such compounds extracted from the by-products of pomegranate can be used as functional ingredients or food additives to harness the antioxidant, antimicrobial potential, or as substitutes for fat, and protein in various muscle food products. Besides, these natural additives are reported to improve the quality, safety, and extend the shelf life of different types of food products, including meat and fish. Although studies on application of pomegranate by-products on various foods are available, their effect on the physicochemical, oxidative changes, microbial, colour stabilizing, sensory acceptability, and shelf life of muscle foods are not comprehensively discussed previously. In this review, we vividly discuss these issues, and highlight the benefits of pomegranate by-products and their phenolic composition on human health.

Diagnosing a disease leads to proper treatment of a patient. Various diseases are occurred due to hormonal dis-balances within the body. Minor shift of the hormonal concentration within the body fluids, account for various physio-metabolic disruptions. This leads to formation of many diseases. So, regular or periodic diagnosis of the hormones within body fluids are very important in a clinical point of view. To quantify hormones within the body fluids there are a no. of ways to perform. The procedures may be of radioactive principles or non-radioactive ones. These may be Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Radio-immuno-assay (RIA), Spectroscopy etc. Modern techniques like Time resolved fluorescence, chemiluminescence etc. are also there. Besides, previously used bioassays are there for experimental usage within the laboratory. The ultimate goal is to elevate the speed of sample collection, faster diagnosis of the hormones and thus, proper treatment of the patient by the physician.

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