ABSTRAKLaju aliran saliva merupakan salah satu faktor penting pembentukan karies. Laju aliran saliva yang adekuat dapat mencegah proses pembentukan karies dan perkembangan penyakit periodontal dan infeksi oral. Status gizi adalah salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi laju aliran saliva. Salah satu parameter status gizi adalah Body Mass Index (BMI). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara BMI dengan laju aliran saliva. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan crosss sectional study yang dilakukan pada 24 orang mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Andalas yang berumur 18 -25 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eklusi. BMI ditentukan dengan rumus BMI dengan satuan kg/m 2 . Laju aliran saliva ditentukan dengan metode Sialometry Navazesh (2008) dalam satuan ml/menit. Analisa data univariat dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan masing-masing variabel, untuk melihat distribusi normal (p > 0,05) dilakukan uji normalitas Kolmogorov Smirnof test. Setelah terbukti variabel terdistribusi normal, selanjutnya dilakukan uji korelasi regresi untuk mengetahui hubungan antara BMI dengan laju aliran saliva. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi didapatkan rata-rata BMI mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Andalas adalah ± SD = 24,50 ±6,02 kg/m 2 dan laju aliran saliva adalah ± SD = 0,29 ± 0,10 ml/menit. Hubungan antara BMI dengan laju aliran saliva menunjukkan hubungan sedang dengan arah negatif (r = -0,451). Hasil uji regresi linear diketahui bahwa Laju Aliran Saliva = 0,404 -0,008*(BMI). Koefisien regresi BMI 0.008 menyatakan bahwa setiap penambahan 1 BMI maka akan menurunkan laju aliran saliva sebanyak 0,008 ml/menit. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bemakna antara Body Mass Index (BMI) dengan laju aliran saliva. Pada kelompok obesity memiliki laju aliran yang lebih rendah dibandingkan individu non obese (underweight, normal weight dan overweight). Sedangkan laju aliran saliva pada kelompok underweight tidak ditemukan penurunan laju aliran saliva. Gi. Ind. Desember 2015; 1(2): 156 -162 ABSTRACT: Relationship between Body Mass Index and Saliva Flow Rate (A Study in Faculty of Dentistry, Andalas University). Saliva flow rate is an affecting factor of caries formation. Adequate saliva flow rate can prevent cariess formation process and progression of periodontal disease and oral infection. Nutritional status is known as an influencing factor of saliva flow rate. The parameter of nutritional status is Body Mass Index (BMI). The purpose of this study is to discover the relation between BMI and saliva flow rate in College Students of the Dentistry Faculty Andalas

The findings of this study can be used by practitioners of dentistry to establish a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment of periodontal disease by measuring the scale of MMP-8, to prevent or to minimize further complication in periodontitis patients.

AbstrakHome bleaching adalah teknik pemutihan gigi vital yang dilakukan oleh pasien di rumah dalam pengawasan dokter gigi dengan konsentrasi karbamid peroksida 10-16% atau 3-6% hidrogen peroksida. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi bahan pemutih gigi karbamid peroksida 10% dan hidrogen peroksida 6% secara home bleaching terhadap kekerasan permukaan email gigi. Metode penelitian adalah true experimental dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Sampel berupa gigi premolar satu rahang atas yang sudah diekstraksi sebanyak 32 buah yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok 1 adalah kelompok aplikasi bahan pemutih gigi karbamid peroksida 10% dengan lama aplikasi 1 jam perhari selama 14 hari dan kelompok II adalah kelompok aplikasi bahan pemutih gigi hidrogen peroksida 6% dengan lama aplikasi 10 menit perhari selama 14 hari. Selama aplikasi kedua sampel berada dalam inkubator 37 0 C. Kekerasan permukaan email gigi diukur dengan alat Vickers Harndness Tester.Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t independen dan uji t dependen (p<0,05). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan yang sangat signifikan 0,000 (p<0,05) pada rerata nilai kekerasan permukaan email gigi antara sebelum dan setelah aplikasi bahan pemutih gigi. Kedua bahan pemutih gigi ini mempunyai perbandingan yang cenderung tidak signifikan 0,073 (p>0,05) terhadap kekerasan permukaan email gigi setelah aplikasi bahan pemutih gigi. Disimpulkan bahwa bahan pemutih gigi dapat menyebabkan penurunan kekerasan permukaan email gigi yang sangat signifikan karena terjadinya demineralisasi. Kata kunci: karbamid peroksida, hydrogen peroksida, home bleaching, kekerasan permukaan email gigi Abstract Home bleaching is whitening treatment of vital teeth conducted by a patient at home with under control of a dentist. The consentration of bleaching agents are 10-16% of carbamid peroxide or 3-6% of hidrogen peroxide. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of application bleaching agents 10% of carbamide peroxide and 6% of hidrogen peroxide in home bleaching on enamel hardness surface.The method that used in this study is using true experimental with pre test-post test contol group design. Sample of the study using first premolar maxillary had been extracted into 32 pieces that divided into two treatments groups. Group I was applied by 10% of carbamide peroxide for 1 hours a day and group II was applied by 6% of hidrogen peroxide for 10 minutes a day and the duration of application was 14 days. Both of the groups were in the incubator 37 0 C. Enamel hardness surface was measure by Vickers Hardness Tester. This study used independent t-test and paired sample t-test (p<0.05).The result of this study showed that significant decrasing 0.000 (p<0.05) of enamel hardness surface in average between before and after applied. Both of bleaching agents have the comparison that tend to be not significantly 0.073 (p>0.05) on enamel hardness surface after application of bleaching agents with significant value were. The conclusion...

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding pattern and early childhood caries (ECC) based on a case in Bukittinggi. Materials and methods:This was a cross-sectional study located in Integrated Post Service (Posyandu) in Bukittinggi City. In this study, 66 pairs of parents and children aged 2 to 3 years were selected. Breastfeeding pattern was observed using questionnaire and decayed-extract-filled teeth (deft) index was used for ECC. Data were analyzed by chi-square test. Results:The average of the deft index was 2.33. Samples with exclusive breastfeeding have an average deft index of 1.42 and nonexclusive had an average deft index of 2.48 (p = 0.783). This study also found that samples with exclusive breastfeeding and complementary foods had a deft index of 2.27. Nonexclusive breastfeeding and complementary foods had a deft index of 2.31 (p = 0.038). Conclusion:Children with breastfeeding had a lower ECC degree. Breastfeeding with complementary foods at 6 months to 2 years had a significant relationship with ECC.Clinical significance: Breastfeed could lower the occurrence of ECC. Hence, breastfeeding needs to be promoted and the mothers guided in breastfeeding.

Resin akrilik polimerisasi panas merupakan salah satu bahan kedokteran gigi yang banyak digunakan untuk pembuatan basis gigi tiruan. Stabilitas warna merupakan karakteristik yang sangat penting pada resin akrilik karena sangat dititik beratkan dalam mencapai nilai estetik yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh larutan kopi terhadap stabilitas warna resin akrilik polimerisasi panas yang direndam selama 1, 3, 5 dan 7 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratoris dengan desain post test only controlled group design. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 25 sampel dengan ukuran 20 x 10 x 2 mm yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok yang direndam larutan kopi, yaitu masing-masing 6 sampel yang direndam selama 1, 3, 5 dan 7 hari. 1 buah sampel dijadikan kelompok kontrol yang direndam selama 1 hari dalam larutan aquabides. Setelah dilakukan perendaman, sampel diuji stabilitas warnanya dengan menggunakan alat uji stabilitas warna yaitu dengan menggunakan alat Spectrophotometer UV-Visible. Nilai rata-rata absorbansi pada kelompok A (1 hari) adalah 0,38. Pada perendaman selama 3 hari (kelompok B) adalah 0,39, perendaman selama 5 hari (kelompok C) adalah 0,45 dan perendaman selama 7 hari (kelompok D) adalah 0,64. Uji statistik One Way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antar semua kelompok perlakuan dengan p=0,000. Kopi dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas warna resin akrilik polimerisasi panas. Namun, pada perendaman selama 1 dan 3 hari tidak memperlihatkan perubahan warna secara visual, sehingga tetap estetis dan masih dapat digunakan. Pada perendaman selama 5 dan 7 hari terlihat adanya perubahan warna secara visual.

Background: Magnesium is one of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) cofactor. The amount of magnesium contained infoods affect ALP activity. Increased ALP activity will indicate the level of inflammation in periodontal disease. Elevated inflammation in periodontal disease will change gingivitis to periodontitis, where there has been damage to the bone ssupporting the teeth, and an increasing number of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The content of GCF consists of enzymatic and non-enzymatic. Changes in the composition of GCF occurs when the inflammation gets worse. Purpose: This study was aimed to prove the correlation between magnesium and ALP from GCF on periodontal disease. Method: This research involved 60 Minangkabaunese people with 20 healthy samples, 20 mild gingivitis samples, and 20 mild periodontitis samples. GCF was collected by absorbing method. Then ALP level in GCF was measured by using ELISA technique. Magnesium level in Minangkabaunese food was tested by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).Univariate analysis was performed to describe each variable. To see a normal distribution, Kolmogorov Smirnof Test was used (p>0.05) . Unpaired T-test and Pearson correlation test was used to see correlation between ALP and magnesium level in Minangkabaunese food. Result:There is a significant correlation between the levels of ALP and magnesium level in Minangkabaunese food with periodontal disease (p=0.005). ALP is higest on mild periodontitis (137.74±23.01 ng/dl). Magnesium level normal control group is highest (250.14±32.34 mg) and in mild periodontitis is the lowest (110.83±21.04 mg). Corelation between ALP and magnesium level indicates strong correlation with negative direction (r=-0.907). Conclusion: There is correlation between the levels of alkaline phosphatase and magnesium level on periodontal disease. Increasing inflamation rate will elevate the ALP level.

Resin composite is dental material filling that is commonly used in dentistry which has good physical properties, mechanical and aesthetics. The properties that have an important role in the resistance of the composite resin surface hardness which directly involved when contact with food, drink and salivary. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of carbonated soft drink and alcoholic beverages on the surface hardness of nanofiller composite resin.The method used in this research is post test only control group design. Samples were made using the mold made of stainless steel, with diameter of 6mm and tick of 2mm, composite was manipulated according to the manufacture’s instructions, and then immersed in aquades, carbonated soft drink and alcoholic beverages for 18 hours in a temperature of 37ºC. Samples were tested using Vickers Hardness Test. Data analysis using Kruskal-Walis test.The result show that the nanofiller composite resin which immersed in alcoholic beverages has higher surface (81,04±10,44 VHN), whreas the composite which immersed in aquades and carbonated soft drink has the surface hardness (70,20±16,6 dan71,10±15,96 VHN). The result of data analysis showed that the data are not distributed normally and showed a significant value of p>0,05. From this research can be concluded that there is no significant differences in surface hardness of nanofiller composite resin which immersed in carbonated soft drink and alcoholic beverages. Keywords: Resin Komposit, nanofiller, surface hardness, mechanical properties.

Introduction: World Oral Health Organization (WHO) targeted in 2010 that 90% of children under five years are caries-free.  In 2011, the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) was 6%-90% worldwide. It is still far from the WHO target. Many factors can cause caries; one of them was family characteristics. The objective of the study was to analyse the relationship between maternal characteristics (education, occupation, and the number of children) and early childhood caries. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Integrated Post Service (Posyandu) located in the city of Bukittinggi, Indonesia. The sample was 66 parents and their children aged 2-3 years. Maternal characteristic was obtained by interview, whereas the ECC was measured using the def-t index. Data were collected and analysed by the Chi-square test. Three dentists and two dentistry students collected the calibrated data. Results: ECC prevalence was 50% (CI 95%; 38%-62%) with the def-t index of 2.23 ± 2.81 (CI 95%; 1.53-2.92) and caries significant index (CSI) was 5.73. The prevalence of caries-free was found highest in children with working mothers (66.7%) and the lowest (31.6%) in children with basic educated mothers. The highest def-t index was 3.17± 3.212, which was found in three-years-old children, and the lowest was 1.98 ± 2.915, which was found in children with advance educated mothers. Conclusion: There was no relationship between maternal education level, occupation, and the number of children with early childhood caries.