The article, dedicated to the 210th anniversary of creation of a single Russian transport administration and transport education and based on historical information, analyzes the relationship between development of transport and transport law in Russia.The increasing need for legal regulation of more and more complicated and increasingly complex transport relations comprises development of transport law as one of the key tasks in achieving the goals of the transport industry.When considering the current state of transport law in Russia, various approaches to the composition and degree of autonomy of the transport law area, as well as certain regulatory issues, are analyzed.The general tasks of transport law in the sphere of regulation of the most relevant fields of transport activity are determined, the possibility of creating a single code of transport legislation and legal norms, the importance of intensifying transport and legal research are substantiated.
The purpose is to substantiate proposals for finalizing the draft of a new nomenclature of scientific specialties in the direction of creating conditions for conducting complex, interdisciplinary legal research within its framework. In this paper, the authors clarify the content of the concepts “interdisciplinarity” and “complexity” in relation to legal research; critically analyze the current nomenclature of scientific specialties; identify problems of regulatory regulation of the list of scientific specialties in the draft of the new nomenclature prepared by the working group of the Ministry of education and science of Russia; formulation of proposals for improving this project. Methodology: system and structural-functional methods; analysis and synthesis; comparative method; normative-logical and hermeneutical methods. Conclusions. Two trends in the development of legal science have been identified: on the one hand, there is an integrativity aimed at merging, interpenetrating, combining branches and areas of scientific research into complex, interdisciplinary education; on the other hand, differentiation and specialization of scientific areas continue, and the emergence of new areas of scientific research. Some shortcomings of the current nomenclature of scientific specialties for which degrees are awarded are shown. Scientific and practical significance. It is shown that the current nomenclature does not fully allow applicants for academic degrees to conduct comprehensive interdisciplinary research in the field of jurisprudence. The article substantiates proposals for improving the nomenclature of scientific specialties by adding the section “complex legal Sciences” to it.
Цель исследования состоит в анализе проблем организации образовательной деятельности, возникших в период, когда образовательные организации вынужденно перешли на дистанционное обучение, а также в выработке некоторых предложений по совершенствованию содержания транспортного образования. Методология. Применены общенаучные и частнонаучные методы познания социально-правовых явлений: системный и структурно-функциональный методы; анализ и синтез; прогностический метод. Разработка предложений по совершенствованию транспортного образования осуществлена с использованием нормативно-логического и герменевтического методов. Выводы. Переход вузов на дистанционные формы обучения требует от преподавателей новых компетенций, связанных с умением работать в электронной образовательной среде. Внедрение новых технологий в образовательный процесс меняет его форму и содержание, расширяет границы для реализации принципа непрерывного образования. Система транспортного образования должна оперативно перестраиваться на подготовку специалистов, способных решать задачи, поставленные в Транспортной стратегии Российской Федерации до 2035 г. Научная и практическая значимость работы заключается в выявлении особенностей реализации права граждан на образование с использованием дистанционных образовательных технологий.Ключевые слова: дистанционное обучение, цифровизация образования, транспортное образование, транспортное право, транспортное мировоззрение, философия транспорта, структура транспортных специальностей.
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