This paper describes the design, simulation and fabrication of an inductive angular position sensor on a flexible substrate. The sensor is composed of meandering silver coils printed on a flexible substrate (Kapton film) using inkjet technology. The flexibility enables that after printing in the plane, the coils could be rolled and put inside each other. By changing the angular position of the internal coil (rotor) related to the external one (stator), the mutual inductance is changed and consequently the impedance. It is possible to determine the angular position from the measured real and imaginary part of the impedance, in our case in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 10 MHz. Experimental results were compared with simulation results obtained by in-house developed software tool, and very good agreement has been achieved. Thanks to the simple design and fabrication, smaller package space requirements and weight, the presented sensor represents a cost-effective alternative to the other sensors currently used in series production applications.
An eddy current sensor with an ink-jet printed flexible inductor has been designed and fabricated. The inductor has been designed by means of software developed in-house. It has been fabricated by ink-jet printing with silver ink on a flexible substrate. The inductor is a part of the oscillator circuit whose oscillating frequency is measured by a microcontroller. The sensor characteristics have been analyzed for two types of application. The first considered application is the displacement of a large conductive target in a direction perpendicular to the inductor plane. The second considered application is the displacement of a small steel ball parallel to the inductor plane. Inductance and oscillating frequency have been measured in order to completely characterize the sensor. The obtained results validate the use of the sensor for both considered applications, and are in good agreement with the simulations. The advantages of this type of sensor are low cost, the possibility for the inductor to match any curved surface and flexibility and precision of the inductor design.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a model for simulating contamination by ferromagnetic particles in sensors that use permanent magnets. This topic is especially important for automotive applications, where magnetic sensors are extensively used and where metallic particles are present, particularly because of friction between mechanical parts. The aim of the model is to predict the particle accumulation and its effect on the sensor performance. Design/methodology/approach Magnetostatic moment method is used to calculate particles' magnetization and magnetic field. Magnetic saturation is included and Newton–Raphson method is used to solve the non-linear system. Magnetic force on particles is calculated as a gradient of energy. Dynamic simulation provides the positions of agglomerated particles. Findings A simulation of magnetic park lock sensor shows a significant impact of ferromagnetic particles on sensor's accuracy. Moreover, gains on computational time because of model optimizations are reported. Research limitations/implications Only magnetic force and gravity are taken into account for particle dynamics. Mechanical forces such as friction and particle interactions might be considered in future works. Practical implications This paper provides the possibility to evaluate and improve magnetic sensor design with respect to particles contamination. Originality/value The paper presents a novel simulation tool developed to answer the growing need for reliable and fast prediction of magnetic position sensors’ degradation in the presence of metallic particles.
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