Objectives: The goal of this three-wave longitudinal study was to examine if youth psychopathic traits, namely narcissism, callous-unemotionality (CU), and impulsivity predicted the likelihood of a student being a bully, victim, or bully victim among adolescents in India. Method: The sample consisted of 1,238 students from nine schools in Indore, India. We used self- as well as peer-reports to measure bullying and victimization behavior in the classroom, at 3 time-points in 1 school year. Psychopathic traits were measured at the first time point. Using multinomial logistic regression analyses, we first examined if the covariates caste, religion, age, gender, and socioeconomic status predicted bullying and victimization behavior in the classroom. At Step 2, in addition to the covariates, we included narcissism, CU, and impulsivity as independent variables, to test the predictive strength of psychopathic traits on the classification as bullies, victims, or bully victims. Results: In multinomial logistic regression analyses, we found that the 3 psychopathic traits together, along with sociodemographic covariates, provided a better fit in predicting bully, victim, and bully victim categories, as compared with the covariate only model. However, we found no relations between the psychopathic traits of narcissism, CU traits, and impulsivity, with classifications as bullies, victims, or bully victims at either of the time points on the self- or the peer-reported measures. Conclusions: Psychopathic traits, when considered together, predicted bullying behavior in urban, school-going youth in India. Narcissism, CU traits, and impulsivity independently did not predict bullying or victimization roles.

This study provides a systematic review of literature from India on traditional bullying and victimization among school-going adolescents. A search of bibliographic electronic databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, ERIC, Web of Science, and PubMed was performed in May 2020. Thirty-seven studies were included in the review. For each study included, the following specifics were examined: (a) methodological characteristics, (b) prevalence estimates of bullying behavior, (c) forms of bullying, (d) risk factors, and (e) consequences of bullying. It was found that bullying happens in India, and some risk factors for bullying and victimization in India are typical to the Indian context. In addition, bullying in India is associated with adverse consequences for both the aggressor and the victim. Many studies on bullying from India should be interpreted cautiously because of problems with data collection processes, instrumentation, and presentation of the findings. Cross-cultural comparisons for prevalence estimates, and longitudinal studies to examine the direction of possible influence between bullying and its correlates need to be conducted, to cater to the large adolescent population of India.

Past research has shown concurrent associations between adolescent's body mass index (BMI) and classroom bullying victimization experiences. The goal of this three‐wave longitudinal study is to examine a transactional model of associations between BMI and bullying victimization among adolescents in India. We investigate concurrent unidirectional and bidirectional relations between BMI and victimization. In a sample of 1238 students from nine schools (Grades 7–9; M‐ageT1 = 13.15, SD = 1.16) in Indore, India, we used self‐ and peer‐reports to measure bullying victimization in the classroom, and objective measurement of students' height and weight to collect data on adolescents' BMI, across three waves in one school year. Structural equational modeling was used to test transactional relations between BMI and bullying victimization. For self‐reported victimization, there was no concurrent or over time association between BMI and victimization for boys or girls in the present study. For peer‐reported victimization, we observed concurrent associations between BMI and victimization for boys and girls and a prospective relation where higher BMI corresponded to less victimization over time for boys. The study yielded mainly concurrent relations between BMI and victimization among adolescents in India. Results from western countries may not generalize to India.

Purpose of reviewPerioperative anesthesia-related mortality is significantly higher in low-resource compared to high-resource countries. Regional anesthesia techniques can provide safety, cost, and access benefits when compared to general anesthesia in these settings but is underutilized primarily due to a lack of experienced educators and training opportunities. Academic institutions and international organizations are attempting to fill this educational gap through collaborations, but these efforts need examination for best practices going forward. Recent findingsMost collaborative anesthesia interactions between high and low resource areas have occurred between North America or Europe, and Africa or Asia and a majority have involved an educational intervention. Only 7% of the studies used a recognized framework to evaluate the intervention used in their research, such as the Kirkpatrick, REAIM or CFIR method. All recent studies reviewed reported a positive impact from educational collaborations. Only 7% of interventions have had a primary focus on regional anesthesia and most were reported between 2016 and 2022. SummaryRobust reports on international collaborations providing capacity enhancing educational interventions in regional anesthesia have increased in recent years but are still rare and should be encouraged going forward. Short courses supported by high-resource countries can be effective in low-resource areas when partnerships produce curricula that are well designed.

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