Rosacea is a chronic cutaneous disorder with non specific and variable ocular manifestations. Ocular rosacea is often underdiagnosed, despite the potential for serious sight threatening sequelae. The study was designed to determine the incidence of ocular disease among the population of rosacea patients along with evaluating the presence of eye dryness in both the patients and controls using Schirmer 1 test. It correlated the severity of ocular disease with the severity of cutaneous rosacea. A total of 72 patients with facial rosacea were enrolled and evaluated with thorough history, physical and ophthalmological examination for ocular rosacea. Schirmer’s test was performed on all patients with ocular rosacea and controls. Out of 72 patients with facial rosacea, 30 (41.62%) were diagnosed with ocular rosacea. On the Schirmer test, ocular rosacea patients had statistically significant lower value than the control group. There was also a statistically significant difference between mean Schirmer test values of male patients and controls and female patients and controls. Symptoms of ocular rosacea are not always specific hence underdiagnosed. Ocular features of rosacea in patients presenting with mere cutaneous findings should not be overlooked.
INTRODUCTION: Verrucae are the viral infection of skin and mucosae caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Destructive modalities,
mainstay of treatment have their own shortcomings like pain, infection, scarring and recurrence. To overcome these, immunotherapy is the
emerging modality.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 patients with multiple ( >5) and recalcitrant warts were enrolled and divided randomly into two groups
(Group A and Group B): In Group A, autoimplantation was done in 20 patients whereas in Group B, 20 patients were injected 0.3ml MMR vaccine
into the largest wart at 2 weeks interval until complete clearance or for maximum of 3 injections whichever was earlier. Patients were followed up at
4 week intervals for 12 weeks.
RESULTS: In Group A, 13 (65%) patients showed Grade 4, 1 (5%) patients had Grade 3 , 5 (25%) patients had Grade2 and only 1 (5%) patient had
Grade 1 improvement. In Group B on the other hand, 15 (75%) patients showed Grade 4, 3 (15%) patients had G3, 2 (10%) patients had Grade 2
and 0 (8%) patients had Grade 1 improvement.
CONCLUSION: Both the immunotherapeutic treatments are safe, economic and less traumatic to the patients as compared to the destructive
procedures for the treatment of warts.
Verrucae or Warts are the viral infection of skin and mucosae caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Destructive modalities are the mainstay of treatment. They can have their own shortcomings like pain, infection, scarring and recurrence. To overcome these, immunotherapy is the emerging modality. To study the relative efficacy and safety of intralesional Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccine and intralesional Vitamin D in the treatment of multiple and recalcitrant verruca vulgaris. 50 patients with multiple (>5) and recalcitrant warts were enrolled and divided randomly into two groups (Group A and Group B): In Group A, 25 patients were injected 0.3ml MMR vaccine whereas in Group B, 25 patients were injected 0.5ml Vitamin D injection after achieving anaesthesia with 0.2ml injection Lignocaine into the largest wart at 2 weeks interval until complete clearance or for maximum of 3 injections whichever was earlier. Patients were followed up fortnightly for 12 weeks. In Group A, 19 (76%) patients showed Grade IV, 2 (8%) patients had Grade III, 3 (12%) patients had GII and only 1 (4%) patient had Grade I improvement. In Group B on the other hand, 15 (60%) patients showed Grade IV, 4 (16%) patients had GIII, 4 (16%) patients had Grade II and 2 (8%) patients had Grade I improvement. None of the patients developed new lesions in both groups. Both the immunotherapeutic treatments are safe, economic and less traumatic to the patients as compared to the destructive procedures for the treatment of warts.
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