This experiment was conducted at poultry field in the Agriculture College-Al-Muthana University during the period from 15/10 /2015 until 22/ 11/ 2015. It was used 240 of broiler chicks Ross 308, chicks were randomly distributed to four experimental treatments, where added the aqueous extract of thyme leaves at levels (0, 2, 4, 6 ml/L) drinking water. All of the histological traits were studied such as the villus height, the crypts depth , the percentage of the villus height to the crypts depth and immunological traits are both the immunity directed against Newcastle disease and the test of the relative hypersensitivity in thewattles and relative weight and the Fabricia gland index and the blood traits are both the number of red and white blood cells and volume of the blood packing cells (Haematocrit) and Hemoglobin concentration, and biochemical traits, such as concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, globulin, albumin, and total protein. The results showed a significant improvement (P≤0.05) for the treatment of the aqueous extract of high concentration thyme leaves (6 ml/L drinking water) in all studied traits compared to all study treatment Keywords | Aqueous extract, Thymus vulgaris, Small intestine tissue, Immunological, Blood traits, Broiler chicks. Jassim Kassim menati 1 , nihad abdul-lateef ali 2* , hassan saad abidelhuseen 3
H igh levels of production and efficient feed conversion are the need of the modern poultry industry, which to a certain extent could be achieved by the use of specific feed additives. Antibiotic feed additives as growth promoters have long been supplemented to poultry feed to stabilize the intestine microbialflora, improve the general performances and prevent some specific intestinal pathology (Hassan et al., 2010). However, due to the emergence of microbes resistant to antibiotics which are used to treat human and animal infections, the European Commission (EC) decided to phase out, and ultimately ban (1 January 2006), the marketing and use of antibiotics as growth promoters in feed (EC Regulation No.1831/2003. Consumer pressure is pushing the poultry industry to rear birds without antibiotics (Castanon, 2007). Such a situation has compelled the researchers to explore the utility of other non-therapeutic alternatives like organic acids, enzymes, probiotics, prebiotics, herbs, essential oils and immune stimulants as feed additives in poultry production. The European Union allowed the use of organic acids and their salts in poultry production because these are generally considered safe (Adil et al., 2010). The use of organic acids has been reported to protect the young chicks by competitive exclusion (Mansoub et al., 2011), enhancement of nutrient research Article Abstract | An experiment was conducted to study the effect of graded levels of butyric acid (butyrate) on performance, gastrointestinal tract health and carcass characteristics in young broiler chickens. Control starter (0-3 wk.) and finisher (4-6wk.) diets were formulated to contain 2,900 kcal ME/kg and 23% CP, and 3,100 kcal ME/kg and 21% CP, respectively. Subsequently, four groups of diets were formulated as following (T1: Positive Control contain 0.05% antibiotic maudramycin), (T2 : Negative Control without maudramycin), (T3 : T2 + 0.3% butyric acid) and (T4 : T2 + 0.6% butyric acid). Each diet was fed at random to 4 replicates of 30 chicks each throughout the experimental period (0-6wk). The results showed that 0.3% and 0.6% butyrate in the diet was improvement the body weights more than other treatments, and superior for feed conversion ratio. Feed intake were not influenced by the dietary treatments. A reduction in pH of the upper GI tract (crop, proventiculus and gizzard) was observed by inclusion of butyrate in the diets of broilers compared to either control or antibiotic-fed group. Butyrate at 0.6% was more effective in reducing the pH than 0.3%. Within the lower GI tract, 0.6% butyrate was effective in lowering pH in the jejunum, but no effect was found in either the duodenum or ileum. Dressing percentage was higher in all the butyrate treatment groups compared to the positive control or negative group also Increasing of histomorphological response. The best rate of villi length was recorded in the fourth and third treatments compared to the lowest length of treatment in the second and first treatment. From these findings, it is concluded th...
Laurel leaves characterized with interesting antioxidant effects, which have often used to improve the immunity with positive consequences on growth and performance This study was conducted to assess the effect of adding crushed laurel leaves to the diet on the productive traits of broiler chickens. A total of 180 broiler chickens, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments, with a rate of 45 birds per treatment; each treatment consisted of three replicates. The first treatment, or control, was generated without adding laurel leaves to the diet, second, third, and fourth treatments were generated by adding laurel leaves with amounts of 1, 2, and 3 g kg-1 feed, respectively. Nine productive traits were evaluated in this study, including the average of live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, percentage of mortality, productive index, length of the villus, depth of crypts, and villus length/crypts length ratio. Results indicated that the addition of laurel leaves led to a significant improvement in all productive traits, signifying highly essential participation of laurel leaves to enhance growth and performance. In conclusion, it can be stated that adding 3 g kg-1 of crushed laurel leaves to the diet can improve the productive traits of broiler chickens.
This study was conducted at Poultry Farm of Animal Resources Dept., College of Agriculture, University of AL-Qasim Green to investigate Study the effect of addition different levels of Parsley Leaves (petroselinumsativum)crushed to the ration on productive traits of broiler Ross 308.Use the 180broiler chicks Ross 308 day-old were randomly assigned to fourtreatments (by 3 replicates per treatment 15 chicks per replicate),and treatments were as follows: Treatment for the first (control) without adding Parsley Leave scrushed into the ration, the second treatment: Add Parsley Leave scrushed by 500 mg / kg feed, third-treatment: Add Parsley Leave scrushed by a 1000 mg / kg feed and treatment fourth: Add Parsley Leaves crushed by a 1500 mg / kg feed.. The experiment included a study of the following characteristics: body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency and mortality. The results indicated that the addition of Parsley Leaves by 1000 and 1500 mg / kg feed to broiler diet led to a significant improvement in the body weigh t, despite the arithmetic superiority to the rest of the qualities of productivity, but it did not reach the moral .It concluded from this experience, that the addition of Parsley Leaves by 1000 and 1500 mg / kg feed to the ration can lead to the improvement of some production traits of broiler chickens.
The experiment was conducted in the animal production field that is following to College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, and for 8 weeks to study the effect of adding white tea powder (Camellia sinensis) to the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) birds rations in some traits of blood biochemical and liver enzymes, the 45 females were used with age of 24 weeks. Birds were randomly distributed to three treatments, each treatment consists of five cages, where in each cage was placed 3 female quail and treatments were as follows: The first treatment: (T1) standard ration without addition, the second treatment: (T2) standard ration added 1 g white tea powder / kg feed, and the third treatment: (T3) standard ration added 1.5 g white tea powder / kg feed. The blood samples were collected after slaughtering the birds in tubes that did not contain the anticoagulant. The blood plasma was separated by a centrifuge at 3000 cycles for 15 minutes. The serums was kept in clean tubes at-20 °C. The experiment included the study of the following traits:
This experiment was conducted in the poultry" field "of the" Department of "Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University for" the period "1/10"/2021 until 4/11/2021. The study aimed to add different levels of Chenopodium quinoa seed "powder to the diet and" vitamin C "to" the "drinking water" to know "the" best levels of quinoa seed powder to the diet that can be used in poultry diets. "In the experiment, 225 unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308") were used, distributed randomly to 15 (cages) with 5 experimental treatments for "each treatment" of "45 birds, and each treatment" included "three replicates" for "each replicate of 15 birds. The "experimental treatments were as follows: The first treatment: control treatment" (basic diet "free of" any addition, whether in feed or drinking water). The second treatment: add 12 g of quinoa seeds/kg of feed; the third treatment: add 14 g of quinoa seeds/kg of feed; the fourth treatment: add 16 g of quinoa seeds/kg of feed; the fifth treatment: add 300 mg of vitamin C/liter of drinking water. The results of the experiment showed a significantly excelled (P≤0.05) for the "third, fourth, and fifth treatments" in total protein "concentration compared to the first treatment" (control). As for "the concentration of" albumin and globulin, no significant differences were recorded among all treatments. "As for the concentration of" cholesterol and low-"density lipoproteins, the second, third," fourth, and fifth "treatments" showed "a significant decrease (P≤0.05") compared to "the" first treatment (control) "and a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the concentration" of high-density lipoproteins Keywords: Chenopodium quinoa seed, vitamin C, biochemical traits, broilers Ross 308
This experiment was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University for the period 1/10/ 2021 to 4/11/ 2021.The study aimed to know the effect of adding different levels of maca root Lepidium meyenii to the diet on some biochemical traits of the blood serum of broilers exposed to oxidative stress. In the experiment, 225 unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used, distributed randomly to 15 (cages), with 5 experimental treatments for each treatment 45 birds, and each treatment included three replicates for each replicate of 15 birds. The experimental treatments were as follows: The first treatment: the control treatment (basic diet + drinking water free of H2O2). The second treatment: a standard diet and water added to it H2O2 at a concentration of 0.5%, the third treatment: adding 1 gm of maca roots / kg of the basic diet + drinking water containing 0.5% H2O2, Fourth treatment: Add 1.5 gm of maca roots/kg of the basic diet + drinking water containing 0.5% H2O2 Fifth treatment: Add 2 gm of maca roots/kg of the basic diet + drinking water containing 0.5% H2O2. The most important results of the study can be summarized as follows: There was a significant improvement (P≤0.05) for the first, fourth and fifth treatments in total protein concentration compared to the second and third treatments, With regard to albumin concentration, the fourth treatment recorded a significantly improvement (p≤0.05) compared to the second and third treatments, and with regard to globulin concentration, the fifth treatment was significantly improvement (p≤0.05) compared to the second and third treatments. As for the concentration of liver enzymes ALT, AST, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoproteins. The treatments (first, third, fourth and fifth) showed a significant decrease (p≤0.05) compared to the second treatment and a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the level of high-density lipoproteins.
This experiment was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production College of Agriculture Al-Qasim Green University for” the period 1/10 /2021 to 4/11/2021 The study aimed to add different levels of Chenopodium quinoa seed “powder to the diet and vitamin C to the drinking water to know the best levels of quinoa seed powder to the diet that can be used in poultry diets. In the experiment 225 unsexed broiler chicks Ross 308 were used distributed randomly to 15 cages with 5 experimental treatments for “each treatment” of “45 birds and each treatment included three replicates for each replicate of 15 birds. The experimental treatments were as follows The first treatment” the “control treatment” basic diet free of any addition whether in feed or drinking water. The second treatment add 12 g of quinoa seeds/kg of feed the third treatment add 14 g of quinoa seeds/kg of feed the fourth treatment add 16 g of quinoa seeds/kg of feed the fifth treatment add 300 “mg of vitamin C/L of drinking water. The most important results “of the” study can be summarized which is a significantly improvement (“P≤0.09”) for the third fourth and fifth” treatments in “the” average live body weight “in the fifth week and the total weight” gain “compared” to “the first treatment. As for feed consumption “there were no significant differences between all treatments while the third fourth and fifth treatments recorded the best cumulative food conversion ratio with a significant difference (P≤0.09) compared to the first treatment” and no deaths were recorded among birds during the experiment period
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