Parthenium hysterophorus L. is non-native invasive plant species belongs to the family Asteraceae. Currently it is a notorious weed in Ethiopia. Socio-economic impacts as well as the local people's perception towards P. hysterophorus are poorly understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to generate information for a better understanding of the means of dispersal, source introduction and socio-economic impacts, of P. hysterophorus in East shewa and West arsi Zones of the Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. The study revealed that parthenium was introduced mainly by following vehicles road and railways. This weed grows throughout the year. This results in its fast dispersal. Many mechanisms were assumed by respondents for fast distribution of P. hysterophorus in the study zones. Among these vehicles and wind are the major agents, which proliferate the seeds of the weed. Based on the study it grows in roadsides, grazing land, cropland, village sides and wastelands. Most of respondents also indicated that the weed first appeared on roadside and propagated to other habitats. This finding indicated that the weed high in disturbed habitats. Control methods, which are mostly practiced by local people, were tillage and hand weeding. However, these methods were not an efficient to control the weed distribution; rather it is expanding from time to time since its invasions. P. hysterophorus has a number of socioeconomic impacts that include effect on crop and livestock production, human health, soil fertility and biodiversity. This finding showed that it competes and suppress the growth of crops due its allelopathic nature. Seeds of this weed changes the normal flavor of food when mix with it. It also colonized grazing fields, thus causing animal food scarcity, animals' health defect. This finding also reported that P. hysterophorus has health hazards on human being, which include allergic, skin itching (irritation), cough and hemorrhage. Generally, P. hysterophorus is a foremost troublesome weed and subterfuge threat on agriculture, biodiversity and on human health. Therefore, proper and targeted control methods should be employed to control the further spread and reduce the adverse impacts.
Invasive alien weed species; are non-indigenous species that have adverse economic, environment and ecological effects on habitats where they have been introduced, either accidentally or deliberately, outside their normal past or present distribution. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution and abundance of emerging invasive weeds in West Shewa and East Wollega Zones of Western Oromia. The biophysical survey was conducted by stopping along main and sub-roads accessible for, vehicle at 8 to10km interval. At each stop a 20m by 20m area was used to determine distribution and abundance of the invasive weeds. Five major emerging invasive weeds i.e Senna occidentalis, Senna didymobotrya, Xanthium spinosum and Carduus spp, Cirsium spp were identified as, important emerging invader species in the study area. Infestation of these weeds was mostly observed on roadsides, around human habitations, in pasture and waste lands and even crop fields. The extent of distribution varied among habitat and locations surveyed, ranging from none to abundant infestation of the alien weed species.
Background: Corn marigold (Glebionis segetum (L.) Frourr.) is a serious weed species of agricultural crops in many parts of Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of information on its management in tef fields in the country. Therefore, the current work was designed with the objectives of evaluating integrated management of the weed and determining the most economical integrated weed management options in tef fields. Methods: The field experiments were conducted in naturally corn marigold infested fields of Cheliya and Woliso districts of West and Southwest Shewa Zones in Ethiopia, respectively, during 2020 to 2021 cropping seasons. Results: Different corn marigold management practices exhibited different responses to different parameters of the target weed and the test crop differently. Application of Pyroxsulam 45g L-1 at a rate of 0.40 l ha -1 supplemented with once-hand weeding and Halauxifen-methyl 100g kg-1 + Florasulam 100g kg-1 sprayed at a rate of 50 g ha -1 supplemented with once-hand weeding increased grain yield by about 70 and 50%, respectively, over the weedy check. The marginal revenue and benefit-cost ratio obtained from the marketing of goods for the application of Pyroxsulam 45g L-1 with one supplementary hand weeding of corn marigold increased by110 89%, respectively, as compared to the weedy check. Conclusions: The present study revealed the role of integrated management of corn marigold in improving tef production and productivity by combating the weed. Future research should be directed towards scaling up and popularizing these technologies among the growers.
Background: Corn marigold is a serious weed species of agricultural crops in many parts of Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of information on its management in tef fields in the country. Therefore, the current work was designed with the objectives of evaluating integrated management of the weed and determining the most economical integrated weed management options in tef fields. Methods: The field experiment was conducted at naturally Corn marigold infested fields of Chaliya and Waliso districts of Western and Southwestern Ethiopia, respectively during 2020 to 2021 cropping seasons. Results: Different Corn marigold management practices exhibited different responses to different parameters of the target weed and the test crop differently. Application of Pallas 45 OD at a rate of 0.40 l ha-1 supplemented with once-hand weeding and QuelexTM 200 WG sprayed at a rate of 50 g ha-1 supplemented with once-hand weeding increased grain yield by about 70 and 50%, respectively, over weedy check. The marginal revenue and benefit-cost ratio inflicted from the marketing of goods for every one of integrated management of Corn marigold increased by about 42–110 and 32–89%, respectively as compared to a weedy check. Conclusions: The present study revealed the role of integrated management of Corn marigold in improving tef production and productivity by combating the weed. Future research should be directed towards scaling up and popularizing these technologies among end users.
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