The interdependence experienced on a global scale today has gained more importance with the increasing demand for energy resources. The situation of interdependence may cause various conflicts due to the differences in strategy between countries regarding access to energy resources. In this destructive competitive environment, hydrocarbons, especially natural gas, continue to be an essential means of competition as a strategic energy source. This situation makes the European Union and the countries that are the suppliers of the energy demand of the Union and the transition countries dependent on each other. This situation of interdependence makes energy resources the most important policy tool. Russia, one of the energy suppliers of European states, uses this advantage as an essential political pressure tool. European Union countries turn to alternative resources and areas to reduce dependency in the face of this situation. In recent years, the Eastern Mediterranean basin has been added to these areas. With the discovery of significant hydrocarbon resources in the Eastern Mediterranean, the importance of this region for European countries is increasing. However, this situation causes maritime border disputes and geopolitical conflicts between the countries of the region. This conceptual study emphasizes the solution of problems related to cross-border hydrocarbon resources and the extent to which natural gas reserves in the Eastern Mediterranean will be an alternative to Russian natural gas.Keywords: EU energy security, Eastern Mediterranean gas reserves, Sea border issues, Exclusive economic zoneJEL Classifications: P28, P48, K32.DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.12602
Finding renewable resources against depleted resources has become very important in almost every field. Especially in the energy sector, the availability of renewable energy sources is of great importance. The aim of this study is to measure the effect of the renewable energy sector of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, which are selected Turkish states, on the growth of the economy. The data included in the analysis cover the period from 1996 to 2018. The variables included in the analysis as economic growth and renewable energy consumption were subjected to a series of assumption tests. As a final step, a conclusion was reached by applying regression analysis. It has been determined that there is a positive relationship between the economic growth in both countries and the renewable energy consumed in this country.
The place of exports in the economic development of a country has a very important share. Whether in developed or developing countries, the demand for energy makes energy exports important in exports. In this study, the relationship between the economic growth of Azerbaijan, the total amount of exports and energy exports has been tried to be determined. The data for the analysis were obtained from the Azerbaijan State Statistics Institute on an annual basis. Eviews.5 for performing the analysis program has been used. After taking the logarithmic values of the data, the data were made stationary, the appropriate lag lengths were found, and then they were subjected to the Granger causality test. Correlation relationships were also examined in order to measure the strength of the relationship between the data.
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between international tourism revenues, inflation rates and economic growth of Morocco and South Africa between. The Multiple Linear Regression Model was used to measure whether there is a significant relationship between dependent and independent variables and how the variables affect economic growth. The data used in the analysis were obtained from the World Bank and include annual data. During the analysis process, a series of assumption tests were made to reveal the significance of the model. The model was established by taking the logarithm of the dependent variable. The VIF test was used to measure that the independent variables were not related to each other, the Breusch-Godfrey LM test was applied to examine whether there was autocorrelation between the error terms, and the Shapiro-Wilk W test, which was another assumption, was applied to measure the normal distribution of the error terms. As a result of the latest multiple linear regression analysis, it was determined that there was a significant relationship between the variables of both countries. In both countries, the increase in international tourism revenues affects economic growth positively, but the increase in inflation affects economic growth negatively.
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