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When the electromagnetic modes supported by plasmonic-based cavities interact strongly with molecules located within the cavity, new hybrid states known as plasmon−exciton−polaritons (PEPs) are formed. The properties of PEPs, such as group velocity, effective mass, and lifetime, depend on the dispersive and spectral characteristics of the optical modes underlying the strong coupling. In this work, we focus on lattice modes supported by rectangular arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles known as surface lattice resonances (SLRs). We show that SLRs arising from different in-plane diffraction orders in the lattice can couple with the molecular excitons, leading to PEPs with distinct dispersions and thus different group velocities. These results illustrate the possibility of tailoring the transport of PEPs through the design of lattices of plasmonic particles.
Optical detectors require the efficient collection of incident light onto a photodetector. Refractive or reflective optics are commonly used to increase the collected power. However, in the absence of losses, such optics conserve etendue and therefore pose a limit on the field of view and the active area of the detector. A promising method to overcome this limitation is to use an intermediate layer of fluorescent material that omnidirectionally absorbs the incident light and preferentially emits toward the photodetector. We demonstrate here that plasmonic nanoantenna phased arrays are a promising platform to improve the emission efficiency of thin luminescent layers and provide an efficient method to reduce optical etendue. In particular, we show an almost constant optical absorption of the luminescent layer on top of the array with the angle of incidence and a strong beamed emission in small solid angles in the forward direction. These results pave the way for novel optical communication detectors incorporating nanofabricated plasmonic materials as optical etendue reducers.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials allows to engineer structures which transmit narrow spectral ranges of radiation while exhibiting a large group index. Implementation of this phenomenon frequently calls for strong near-field coupling of bright (dipolar) resonances to dark (multipolar) resonances in the metamolecules comprising the metamaterials. The sharpness and contrast of the resulting transparency windows thus depends strongly on how closely these metamolecules can be placed to one another, placing constraints on fabrication capabilities. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that the reliance on near-field interaction strength can be relaxed, and the magnitude of the electromagnetic-induced transparency enhanced, by exploiting the long-range coupling between metamolecules in periodic lattices. By placing dolmen structures resonant at THz frequencies in a periodic lattice, we show a significant increase of the transparency window when the in-plane diffraction is tuned to the resonant frequency of the metamolecules, as confirmed by direct mapping of the THz near-field amplitude across a lattice of dolmens. Through the direct interrogation of the dark resonance in the near field, we show the interplay of near-and far-field couplings in optimizing the response of planar dolmen arrays via diffraction-enhanced transparency.
Controlling the coherence properties of rare earth emitters in solid-state platforms in the absence of an optical cavity is highly desirable for quantum light-matter interfaces and photonic networks. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of generating directional and spatially coherent light from Nd3+ ions coupled to the longitudinal plasmonic mode of a chain of interacting Ag nanoparticles. The effect of the plasmonic chain on the Nd3+ emission is analyzed by Fourier microscopy. The results reveal the presence of an interference pattern in which the Nd3+ emission is enhanced at specific directions, as a distinctive signature of spatial coherence. Numerical simulations corroborate the need of near-field coherent coupling of the emitting ions with the plasmonic chain mode. The work provides fundamental insights for controlling the coherence properties of quantum emitters at room temperature and opens new avenues towards rare earth based nanoscale hybrid devices for quantum information or optical communication in nanocircuits.
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