IntroductionMental health problems are serious issues in Indonesia. The prevalence of severe mental disorder in Indonesian population is 1.7‰. In community, people with mental disorder are often stigmatized, while in fact this stigmatization could negatively impact them. One of the most common form of discrimination toward people with mental disorder is the practice of pasung.MethodThis research conducted a survey study on 1,269 respondents in East Java (in which the prevalence of severe mental disorder is 2.2‰). The instruments used were Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness (CAMI), Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), and a sociodemographic questionnaire.ResultThe result shows that better knowledge about mental health was associated with lower public stigma toward people with mental disorder. Significance differences in stigma toward people with mental illness were also found across groups of age, sex, experience of contact, history of mental disorder, attitude toward pasung, marital status, and income level.ConclusionThe finding implies that anti-stigma interventions in Indonesia should consider associated sociodemographic factors and use psychosocial approach to improve literacy and contact with mental health patients.

The aim of this study was to find answers about how the empirical relationship between the theme of the playing process with the background of the children. What themes emerge when children play symbolic and imaginary. Symbolic and imaginary play involves symbolism, where the children can interpret symbols and show imagination and play acting "as if". Symbolic and imaginary play is divided into two, playing the role of the macro when the children themselves play a role in accordance with the theme and the micro is when the child uses dolls to represent themselves or through a process of personification. This research kind is qualitative and the process of assessment is done during play. A qualitative study using observation method is the right method in research on playing process, which the process is more important than the results. Data were collected through natural observation. The subjects in macro symbolic and imaginary play were two girls age 5 and 6 years who play in a single episode "mother and children". The subjects in micro symbolic and imaginary play were two girls 5 years old and 5 months and was conducted in two episode. This research showed that the symbolic and the imaginary play can reveal the background of the child. Themes that emerged at macro symbolic and imaginary play is the birthdays. The theme that emerged at micro symbolic and the imaginary play is about house situation, habits, hopes, family relationships, likes and dislikes.

This research was twofold and aimed to explore male neighbors' behavior as bystanders of domestic violence (DV) cases. Study 1 used survey on 94 male respondents to obtain description about bystander behavior and examine the relationship between situational barriers, neighborhood cohesion, and bystander's intention to help victims. Study 2 used qualitative approach with instrumental case study, involving three male participants to understand the dynamic of bystander effect on male neighbors who had witnessed DV. Bystander effect (BS) is a phenomenon in which individual is less likely to intervene in an emergency if bystander present. BS was analyzed based on three root psychological processes, namely: diffusion of responsibility, audience inhibition, and pluralistic ignorance; the three appeared in the bystander intervention stages. An important finding was the role of neighborhood cohesion which interacted with DV-supporting norm; such that bystanders from highly cohesive neighborhood were resistant to help victims of real DV cases although social cohesion was a notable predictor of intention to help. The evidences in this research expanded Latané's(1981) theory of social impact as well as supporting Levine (1999) and Banyard and colleagues' (2004) notion of distorted thinking as a root of bystander inaction. Implication of the findings for community-based interventions is discussed.

English has become the lingua franca in scientific communication. Non-native researchers were even found to submit 60% of their manuscripts in English (Stockemer & Wigginton, 2019). A belief that English publications can increase the reputation of the authors was known as the primary motivation behind this publication preference. Indeed, English articles tend to obtain a higher number of citations (Di Bitetti & Ferreras, 2017). This might be because English renders publications accessible to more readers. Many institutional bodies (including universities) eventually encourage their researchers to publish their works exclusively in English (Márquez & Porras, 2020).