Hereditary gingival fibromatosis is a rare disorder characterized by various degrees of attached gingival overgrowth. Gingival fibromatosis usually develops as an isolated disorder but can be one feature of a syndrome. A case of a 17-year-old female who presented with a generalized severe gingival overgrowth, involving the maxillary and mandibular arches and covering almost the whole dentition. Excess gingival tissue was removed by conventional gingivectomy under local anesthesia. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient's appearance improved considerably. Good esthetic result was achieved without recurrence of the gingival overgrowth. After treatment, regular recall visits are necessary in order to evaluate oral hygiene, and the stability of the periodontal treatment.
Aim: Early and correct diagnosis of ovarian masses has great impact on the ultimate survival. The present study was done to know the role of color Doppler studies in characterization of ovarian masses and to evaluate its efficacy in diagnosis and differentiation of these neoplasms when used along with grayscale (B-mode) ultrasonography (USG). Materials and Methods: Over 2 years, in total, 98 patients with adnexal masses were examined, of which only 60 patients who had ovarian masses and were satisfying inclusion criteria were evaluated sonographically. Grayscale transabdominal and transvaginal sonography was followed by color Doppler with fixed parameters and indices. The results differentiated on sonographic and color Doppler examination were compared with the final diagnosis, based on histopathological examination. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of grayscale ultrasound in detecting malignancy in ovarian masses in the current study were calculated to be 51.85%, 75.75%, 63.63%, and 65.78%, respectively. By combining grayscale and color flow finding, the current study was able to differentiate malignant tumors from benign tumors with a sensitivity of 81.48%, specificity of 93.93%, PPV of 91%, and NPV of 86.11%. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a significant increase in the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in establishing the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian masses in terms of benign and malignant nature, when color and spectral Doppler was used in combination with USG as compared to grayscale (B-mode) USG alone.
The sporophytic system of self-incompatibility is a widespread genetic phenomenon in plant species, promoting out-breeding and maintaining genetic diversity. This phenomenon is of commercial importance in hybrid breeding of crops and is controlled by single locus with multiple haplotypes. The molecular genetic studies of '' locus has revealed the presence of three tightly linked loci viz. S-receptor kinase (), S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S-locus protein 11 (/), and S-locus glycoprotein (). On self-pollination, the allele-specific ligand-receptor interaction activates signal transduction in stigma papilla cells and leads to rejection of pollen tube on stigmatic surface. In addition, arm-repeat-containing protein 1 (), M-locus protein kinase (MLPK), kinase-associated protein phosphatase (KAPP), exocyst complex subunit () etc. has been identified in crops and plays a key role in self-incompatibility signaling pathway. Furthermore, the cytoplasmic calcium (Ca) influx in papilla cells also mediates self-incompatibility response in , but how this cytoplasmic Ca influx triggers signal transduction to inhibit pollen hydration is still obscure. There are many other signaling components which are not well characterized yet. Much progress has been made in elucidating the downstream multiple pathways of self-incompatibility response. Hence, in this review, we have made an effort to describe the recent advances made on understanding the molecular aspects of genetic mechanism of self-incompatibility in .
Though intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is a safe and most frequently used long-term contraceptive method, it has some complications. Uterine perforation and intra-abdominal migration have been reported often, but a retroperitoneal migration is exceptional. Here, we are reporting an IUCD which perforated the uterus and migrated to the retroperitoneum; impinging into and obstructing left ureter causing severe hydroureteronephrosis due to the development of the left lower ureteric stricture.
Summary Background Videolaryngoscopy has an established role in difficult airway management in adults. However, there is limited literature to support their efficacy in children. The Truview Picture Capture Device has shown promising results for endotracheal intubation in infants in the past. The CMAC videolaryngoscope has launched its novel infant Miller blade, but its performance has not been assessed clinically for routine intubation in infants and neonates. We hypothesized that the CMAC videolaryngoscope would reduce the total time to intubation as compared to the Truview Picture Capture Device in neonates and infants. Methods After parental informed consent, 80 prospective infants posted for surgical procedures under general anesthesia were randomized to undergo intubation with either of the two. The two videolaryngoscopes were also compared in terms of time required for glottis view and intubation (primary outcome), modified Cormack and Lehane grade, first attempt and overall success rate, ease of intubation, number of attempts, and any complications. Results The CMAC significantly reduced the time required for glottic view [8 s (5.25‐9) vs 9 s (6.5‐12); P = 0.02] and intubation [22 s (18‐26) vs 26 s (21.5‐32); P = 0.003]. The median difference (95% CI) for time to tracheal intubation and time to glottic view was 4 s (1‐7) and 1 (0‐4). It also improved the ease of intubation, the Cormack‐Lehane grades, and first attempt success rate. Intubation with the CMAC was possible in 100% cases, whereas only 92.5% of patients could be intubated with the Truview. The failed intubations with the Truview could be successfully intubated with the CMAC. Conclusion The CMAC Miller blade reduced the total time taken for tracheal intubation and intubation difficulty as compared to the Truview Picture Capture Device and may be a better tool for intubation in infants.
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