We prospectively compared the utility and precision of preoperative templating performed in printed films (analogue) with that performed on digital radiographs (digital) in 69 patients undergoing primary total hip replacement. Five patients were excluded when misplacement of the marker resulted in a magnification error greater that 10%; in the remaining patients (64 hips), the cup size was within ± one size in 62 (97%) of the analogue and 52 (81%) of the digital (p=0.01) plans. The stem size was within ± one size in 63 (98%) of the analogue and 60 (94%) of the digital (p=0.39) plans. The distance from the proximal corner of the lesser trochanter to the center of the prosthetic head (LTCD) in the analogue differed by 5 mm or more from the digital plan in nine cases (14%). Analogue preoperative planning yielded more predictable results than digital planning, particularly in terms of acetabular component size and LTCD that dictates limb lengtheningshortening. The sources of error were not clearly explained by variations in magnification. Inconsistent positioning of the magnification marker may jeopardise the safe implementation of digital templating.Résumé Nous avons, de façon prospective, comparé l'utilité et la précision de la planification préopératoire réalisée sur des films radiologiques classiques ou sur des radiographies numérisées sur 69 patients devant bénéficier d'une prothèse totale de hanche. 5 patients ont été exclus car il existait une erreur de plus de 10% sur le coefficient d'agrandissement et sur les 64 hanches restantes, la taille prévue de la cupule correspondant dans 97% des cas (62 hanches) sur les films classiques et dans 81% des cas (52 hanches) sur les films numérisés. La taille de la pièce fémorale était celle prévue dans 98% des cas (63 hanches) sur les films classiques, dans 94% des cas (60 hanches) sur les films numérisés. La distance entre bord proximal du petit trochanter et la tête prothétique (LTCD) sur les films classiques, n'a pas montré de différence de plus de 5 millimètres. Cette distance était supérieure dans 9 cas (14%) sur les films numérisés. Une planification pré opératoire est beaucoup plus fiable sur les films classiques que sur les films numérisés, particulièrement en ce qui concerne la taille du composant acétabulaire et les problèmes d'inégalité de longueurs. Les sources d'erreur ne sont pas très clairement expliquées par les modifications du taux d'agrandissement, la planification sur des clichés numérisés peut être source d'erreur.
The ability of bone cement to adhere to the implant surface is dependent on the surface finish. Stems with a rough surface finish require greater force to disrupt their interface with the cement than do stems with a smooth or polished surface. However, if micromotion occurs at the cement-metal interface, the fretting of a smoother surface implant results in less cement and metallic abrasion than an implant with a rough surface finish. Today, surgeons implant femoral stems with a wide variety of surface finish and textures that are supported by the previously mentioned contrasting philosophy of fixation. This article presents the micro and macro surface finish mechanics, history, and rationale for changes in surface finish, the clinical and operative implications of changes in surface finish, the retrieval analysis, and the clinical evidence that examine the consequences of changes in surface finish in the outcome of cemented femoral stems for total hip arthroplasty. Current data and our own experience support the use of cemented femoral stems with a smooth or polished surface finish.
Our findings suggest mechanical compression with the VenaFlow calf compression device in conjunction with chemoprophylaxis is an effective means of reducing thromboembolic disease in this high-risk population.
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