The present study evaluated the effectiveness of two reciprocating systems for the removal of root-filling material during endodontic retreatment. One hundred extracted mandibular premolars were prepared and root-filled with gutta-percha and sealer. Root fillings were removed with K-files according to the following techniques: Group A--hand instrumentation; Group B--Endo-Gripper system driven by compressed air; Group C--INTRAmatic 29CH + INTRA-LUX 3LD driven by compressed air; Group D--Endo-Gripper system driven by electric engine; Group E--INTRAmatic 29CH + INTRA-LUX 3LD driven by electric engine. The amount of filling debris on root canal walls was assessed radiographically and analysed using Auto CAD 2000 software. One-way anova and Duncan's test revealed statistically significant differences only in the middle third (P = 0.01); the best results being reached in group D. The apical third displayed the greatest amount of filling material debris, regardless of the technique used.
PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the quality of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] paste filling (Ultracal, Ultradent) associated or not with Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points (Calcium Hydroxide Plus Points™, Roeko) in curved root canals.Material and MethodsOne hundred and twenty roots of extracted human teeth, randomly divided into three curvature ranges (mild - 0 to 14°; moderate - 15° to 29°; severe - >30°) were used. After chemomechanical preparation, the roots were assigned to 4 groups (n=30), according to the technique of intracanal dressing placement: group 1 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral; group 2 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal; group 3 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a Navitip™ tip (supplied with Ultracal system); group 4 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a Navitip™ tip and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal. The roots were cleared and the quality of apical third filling was assessed by a calibrated experienced examiner. The specimens were examined under stereomicroscopy and scored 1 to 4 (i.e., from inadequate to complete root canal filling). The results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test at 5% significance level.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the curvature degrees in groups 1, 3 and 4. Severely curved roots in group 2 presented bordering significance (p=0.05). The groups that associated the use of Ca(OH)2 paste and points (2 and 4) showed better apical filling than the other groups, but this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001) only for roots with severe curvature.ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, the curvature degree did not influence the quality of filling. The techniques that used Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points yielded better filling of the apical third in roots with severe curvature.
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