Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the in vitro effect of White Wine Vinegar (WWV) on surface properties of removable partial dentures' (RPD) components. Methods: Thirty specimens of one artificial teeth and a slab of cobalt-chromium alloy for RPDs were prepared. Specimens were distributed randomly in 3 groups (n=10): distilled water (negative control), WWV and CoregaTabs® (commercial control). Before and after immersion regimens, the analyses undertaken were colour stability assessed using spectrophotometer, mean roughness surveyed by perfilometry, mass variation using an analytical balance and surface composition assessed by Raman micro-spectroscopy. The data were statistically analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the treatments on roughness and colour change. Distilled water increased the weight of specimens whilst CoregaTabs and WWV reduced significantly the mass (p<0.05). In the Raman analysis, reduction of Co-Cr peak at 470 cm -1 was detected after immersion in distilled water and CoregaTabs, demonstrating signs of alloy degradation. Peak at 2430 cm -1 after immersion in distilled water was observed. Conclusion: WWV at 30 vol % is a promising low-cost alternative for the daily cleaning of removable dentures without altering surface properties and composition of removable partial denture components.
This study has shown that propolis is a promising bioactive component in dental products, especially for use in Cariology and Periodontology. Although there has been significant progress in applications of propolis, the field of dental products is still a growing area and it is important to encourage innovation and development of new products incorporating propolis based on knowledge of its composition and therapeutic properties.
Persistent apical periodontitis occurs when the endodontic treatment fails to eradicate the intraradicular infection, and is mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, such as Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans, respectively. Phenothiazines have been described as potential antimicrobials against bacteria and fungi. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial potential of promethazine (PMZ) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) against E. faecalis and C. albicans dual-species biofilms. The susceptibility of planktonic cells to phenothiazines, chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was initially analyzed by broth microdilution. Interaction between phenothiazines and CHX was examined by chequerboard assay. The effect of NaOCl, PMZ, CPZ, CHX, PMZ + CHX, and CPZ + CHX on biofilms was investigated by susceptibility assays, biochemical and morphological analyses. Results were evaluated through one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison post-test. PMZ, alone or in combination with irrigants, was the most efficient phenothiazine, capable of reducing cell counts, biomass, biovolume, carbohydrate and protein contents of dual-species biofilms. Neither PMZ nor CPZ increased the antimicrobial activity of CHX. Further investigations of the properties of phenothiazines should be performed to encourage their use in endodontic clinical practice.
This study evaluated the antimicrobial effectiveness of 6.5% Vitis vinifera grape seed extract (GSE) against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Saline solution (SS), 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) were used for comparison. Dentin discs were inoculated with E. faecalis strain establishing a 3‐week‐old biofilm. Discs (n = 10) were exposed to 5.25% NaOCl, 2% CHX, 6.5% GSE and SS (negative control) for 10 min. Discs were stained with the fluorescent LIVE/DEAD‐BacLight™ dye and analysed using CLSM. The proportion of dead cells in biofilm was analysed using one‐way anova and Tukey tests (P < 0.05). A higher proportion of dead cells was found in GSE group compared with CHX and SS (P < 0.05). NaOCl group was associated with the highest proportion of dead cells (P < 0.05). GSE presented antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis; however, NaOCl was the most effective irrigant solution. GSE was more effective than CHX and SS.
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