Peningkatan konsumsi minuman kemasan (soft drink/beverages) tampak nyata di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Peningkatan ini terutama terjadi di kelompok usia muda. Konsumsi soft drink/beverages ini berkaitan dengan gangguan metabolik, antara lain obesitas, toleransi glukosa terganggu (TGT) dan diabetes melitus. Hal ini disebabkan penggunaan pemanis tinggi fruktosa (high fructose corn syrup, HFCS). TGT terutama menjadi masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius karena umumnya tidak menunjukkan gejala dan terlambat untuk dideteksi sehingga sering kali telah berprogresi menjadi diabetes mellitus. Terdapat banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya TGT dengan faktor lingkungan menjadi faktor yang lebih dominan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang yang menggunakan data riset kesehatan dasar (RISKESDAS 2007). Analisis data dimulai dari univariat, bivariat dan dilanjutkan dengan multivariat. Ditemukan bahwa prevalensi TGT pada kelompok usia muda di Indonesia adalah 5,7% dan prevelensi pengkonsumsi fruktosa tinggi sebesar 20,5%. Kontribusi konsumsi fruktosa tinggi terhadap kejadian TGT usia muda adalah 24,3%. Secara umum, prevalensi TGT pada usia muda di Indonesia cukup tinggi (melebihi 50% prevalensi di semua umur), dan konsumsi fruktosa memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan dalam terjadinya TGT.Kata kunci: konsumsi fruktosa, indeks fruktosa, TGT
<p><strong>Background and Aim: </strong>Insomnia and anxiety are common disorders with high prevalence rate especially in medical students. Moreover, many confounding factors playing a role in influencing anxiety. Most studies does not include or measure other confounding factors of anxiety into the analysis. This requires research which examines insomnia and anxiety assessing the contribution of the factors influencing anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study methodology with linear regression analysis on a sample of students from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan using the DASS-21 questionnaire to assess anxiety and ISI to assess insomnia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence rates of insomnia was 34.29% and anxiety 32.38% in Pelita Harapan University medical student. From the results of the bivariate linear regression, a weak relationship between insomnia and anxiety (r = 0.322; p = 0.000) is seen. In multivariate results, there were confounding stress variables (r = 0.565; p= 0.000) and trauma (r = 0.250; p = 0.005) which contributed greatly to anxiety (In order of largest).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a weak correlation and anxiety. Moreover, high prevalence rate of anxiety in medical students may be contributed heavily not only by insomnia but also stress and childhood trauma.</p>
BACKGROUND፡ The spread of resistant pathogens among critically ill neonates has increased in recent years. Therefore, information about the antimicrobial profile and its susceptibility over time helps to select the most appropriate therapy. The study assesses the distribution of resistant pathogens and itssusceptibility among neonates’ patients.METHODS: Eight hundred and eight suspected neonatal infected from January 2011 to December 2019 were recruited anonymously in our retrospective, observational analysis. The study was conducted in the secondary-care level NICU which located on the western border of Jakarta, Indonesia. The MDROsdefinition was define by Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) criteria and standardized international terminology. Microbial identification and susceptibility testing were carried out following standard protocols.RESULTS: Culture positivity was found in 132 (16.3%) with dominating MDR-Gram negative bacteria 47 (61.8%). The most common pathogens were extended-spectrum β-lactamase and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter 18 (38.3%), respectively. There were coagulase negative staphylococci 29 (38.2%) amongMDROs. Most of the Gram negative bacteria were highly susceptible to the combination of cefoperazone/sulbactam (79.6%), amikacin (88.7%), and tigecycline (77.1%). Staphylococcus aureus had a good susceptibility to almost all classes’ antibiotics. Candida isolates showed 100.0% susceptibility to all antifungal classes.CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlighted the microbial profile along with its susceptibility among neonatal patients that able to provide necessary information for antimicrobial guidelines and policies for effective infectious case management.
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