Zero Average Dynamics (ZAD) strategy has been reported in the last decade as an alternative control technique for power converters, and a lot of work has been devoted to analyze it. From a theoretical point of view, this technique has the advantage that it guarantees fixed switching frequency, low output error and robustness, however, no high correspondence between numerical and experimental results has been obtained. These differences are basically due to model assumptions; in particular, all elements in the circuit were modeled as ideal elements and simulations and conclusions about steady state stability and transitions to chaos have been carried out with this ideal model. Regarding the practical point of view and the digital implementation, we include in this paper internal resistances, quantization effects and 1-period delay to the model. This paper shows in an experimental and numerical way the effects of these elements to the model and their incidence in the results. Now, experimental and numerical analyses fully agree.
The motor speed of a buck power converter and DC motor coupled system is controlled by means of a quasi-sliding scheme. The fixed point inducting control technique and the zero average dynamics strategy are used in the controller design. To estimate the load and friction torques an online estimator, computed by the least mean squares method, is used. The control scheme is tested in a rapid control prototyping system which is based on digital signal processing for a dSPACE platform. The closed loop system exhibits adequate performance, and experimental and simulation results match.
This paper presents a stability analysis of a buck converter using a Zero Average Dynamics (ZAD) controller and Fixed-Point Induction Control (FPIC) when the control parameter 𝑁, the reference voltage υref, and the source voltage 𝐸 are changed. The study was based on a previous analysis in which the control parameter was adjusted to 𝑁=1 and the parameter 𝐾𝑠 was changed during the simulation, finding the stability zone and regions with chaotic behavior. Thus, this new study presents the transient and steady-state behaviors and robustness of the buck converter when the control parameter 𝑁 changes. Moreover, numerical simulation results are compared with experimental observations. The results show that the system regulates the output voltage with low error when the voltage is changed in the source E. Besides, the voltage overshoot increases, and the settling time decreases when the control parameter 𝑁 is augmented and the control parameter 𝐾𝑠 is constant. Furthermore, the buck converter controlled by ZAD and FPIC techniques is effective in regulating the output voltage of the circuit even when there are two delay periods and voltage input disturbances.
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