Computing 3D bone models using traditional Computed Tomography (CT) requires a highradiation dose, cost and time. We present a fully automated, domain-agnostic method for estimating the 3D structure of a bone from a pair of 2D X-ray images. Our triplet loss-trained neural network extracts a 128-dimensional embedding of the 2D X-ray images. A classifier then finds the most closely matching 3D bone shape from a predefined set of shapes. Our predictions have an average root mean square (RMS) distance of 1.08 mm between the predicted and true shapes, making our approach more accurate than the average achieved by eight other examined 3D bone reconstruction approaches. Each embedding extracted from a 2D bone image is optimized to uniquely identify the 3D bone CT from which the 2D image originated and can serve as a kind of fingerprint of each bone; possible applications include faster, image content-based bone database searches for forensic purposes.
Structure and basic set-up of the miniature computer D 4aElektron. Rechcnanl. 7 (1965), H 5, S. 259-264 Manuskripteingang: 2S. 2. 1965 Der Dja ist ein universaler programmgesteuerter Rechenautomat der niedrigsten Preisklasse. Das Grundgerät ist zum Gebrauch auf dem Arbeitstisch geeignet und enthält gleich eine angepaßte Ein-und Ausgabe. Der Automat leistet sekundlich I00-200 arithmetische Rechenoperationen und verfügt über 4096 Speicherplätze zu je 33 bits. Der Befehlscode ist analytisch aufgebaut und außerordentlich flexibel. Im Rechenwerk wird ein neues Konzept verwirklicht, das mit einem einzelnen Register auskommt. The 04a computer is a minimum-priced all-purpose stored program computer. The basic unit is suited for use on the desk comprising a built-in and adapted input and output. The computing performance is 100 to 200 operations per second and the storage capacity 4.096 locations each of which has 33 bits. The comanding code is analytical having an exceptional flexibility. A new concept has been realized in the arithmetic unit so that one single register will do.
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